Which of the following statements correctly describe the relationship between genes and chromosomes? a. Genes are chromosomes; b. Chromosomes contain many genes; c. Genes are made up of hundreds or thousands of chromosomes; d. Genes are assorted independently during meiosis, but chromosomes are not; e. More than one of the above is correct.

Key Concepts

Genes

Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of living organisms. Each gene occupies a specific location on a chromosome and can vary in size, influencing traits and characteristics in an organism.

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent, and they play a crucial role in cell division and inheritance.

Meiosis

Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the formation of gametes (sperm and eggs). During meiosis, genes are assorted independently, which contributes to genetic diversity, while chromosomes themselves are inherited as whole units.