The “RNA World” hypothesis is largely based on RNA’s ability to do what two specific things?

• A. Code genetic information and fold into three-dimensional structures.
• B. Provide structure for the cell and store genetic information.
• C. Form membranes and operate as part of the ribosome.
• D. Self-replicate and catalyze reactions.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the 'RNA World' hypothesis: This hypothesis suggests that early life forms may have relied on RNA both to store genetic information and to catalyze chemical reactions, before the evolution of DNA and proteins.
2. Identify the two key abilities of RNA: The hypothesis is based on RNA's ability to self-replicate and to catalyze reactions, which are crucial for sustaining life and facilitating biochemical processes.
3. Differentiate between the options: Analyze each option to determine which abilities are unique to RNA in the context of the 'RNA World' hypothesis.
4. Option analysis: 'Code genetic information and fold into three-dimensional structures' - While RNA can code genetic information, folding into structures is more related to proteins. 'Provide structure for the cell and store genetic information' - RNA does not primarily provide structural support. 'Form membranes and operate as part of the ribosome' - Membrane formation is not a function of RNA.
5. Conclude with the correct abilities: The correct answer is that RNA can self-replicate and catalyze reactions, which supports the 'RNA World' hypothesis by demonstrating its dual role in early life forms.