A shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture a. DNA. b. proteins. c. cellulose. d. sucrose.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the role of phosphorus in plants: Phosphorus is a key component of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, which are essential for genetic information storage and transfer.
2. Understand the molecular structure of DNA: DNA is composed of nucleotides, each containing a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base.
3. Recognize the importance of phosphorus in DNA: The phosphate groups in the nucleotides link together through phosphodiester bonds to form the backbone of the DNA double helix.
4. Analyze the options given in the question: Determine which of the options (DNA, proteins, cellulose, sucrose) directly involves phosphorus as a critical component of its structure.
5. Conclude which process would be most affected by a phosphorus shortage: Based on the role of phosphorus in nucleic acids, decide which of the listed molecules' synthesis would be most impacted by a lack of phosphorus in the soil.

Key Concepts

Role of Phosphorus in Plants

Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plants, playing a critical role in various physiological processes. It is a key component of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is vital for energy transfer within cells. A deficiency in phosphorus can hinder a plant's ability to grow and develop properly.

DNA Synthesis

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms. The synthesis of DNA requires nucleotides, which contain phosphorus in their phosphate groups. Without adequate phosphorus, plants cannot effectively produce DNA, leading to impaired growth and reproduction.

Photosynthesis and Energy Transfer

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water. This process relies on ATP, which is synthesized using phosphorus. A shortage of phosphorus can disrupt energy transfer, affecting the plant's overall metabolism and growth.