Which of the following statements about human populations in industrialized countries is correct?


a. Birth rates and death rates are high.
b. Average family size is relatively large.
c. The population has undergone the demographic transition.
d. The survivorship curve is Type II.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the characteristics of human populations in industrialized countries, such as low birth rates, low death rates, smaller average family sizes, and longer life expectancies.
2. Understand the concept of demographic transition, which refers to the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
3. Analyze the options given in the context of demographic transition and characteristics of industrialized countries.
4. Recall the types of survivorship curves: Type I (low mortality at young age, high mortality at old age), Type II (constant mortality rate throughout life), and Type III (high mortality at young age, lower mortality at older age).
5. Determine which statement correctly reflects the demographic and survivorship patterns typically observed in industrialized countries.

Key Concepts

Demographic Transition Model

The Demographic Transition Model describes the transition of a society from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as it develops economically. This model typically includes four stages: pre-industrial, transitional, industrial, and post-industrial, reflecting changes in population growth and family size as countries industrialize.

Survivorship Curves

Survivorship curves are graphical representations that show the number of individuals surviving at each age for a given species or population. Type II curves indicate a constant mortality rate throughout the lifespan, typical of species that experience a relatively uniform chance of dying at any age, such as some birds and small mammals.

Population Dynamics in Industrialized Countries

In industrialized countries, population dynamics are characterized by low birth rates and low death rates, leading to stable or slowly growing populations. Factors influencing these dynamics include access to healthcare, education, and family planning, which contribute to smaller average family sizes and a shift in societal norms regarding childbearing.