Textbook Question
Which of the following does not promote multiple steps in the clotting pathway?
a. platelet phospholipids,
b. factor XI,
c. thrombin,
d. Ca²⁺.
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Ch. 17 Blood
Chapter 16, Problem 11
a. List the three major categories of formed elements. b. Which is least numerous? c. Which comprise(s) the buffy coat in a hematocrit tube?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the three major categories of formed elements in blood. These are erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes (platelets).
Step 2: Determine which of these formed elements is the least numerous. Consider the typical concentration of each type in the blood.
Step 3: Understand the composition of a hematocrit tube. A hematocrit tube is used to separate blood components by density through centrifugation.
Step 4: Identify the layer known as the 'buffy coat' in a hematocrit tube. This layer is found between the plasma and the red blood cells after centrifugation.
Step 5: Determine which formed elements are present in the buffy coat. Consider the types of cells that are less dense than red blood cells but more dense than plasma.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Formed Elements of Blood
Formed elements are the cellular components of blood, primarily consisting of red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes). These elements play crucial roles in oxygen transport, immune response, and blood clotting, respectively. Understanding these components is essential for analyzing blood composition and function.
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Composition of Blood
Hematocrit
Hematocrit is a laboratory measurement that determines the proportion of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. It is typically expressed as a percentage and is used to assess conditions like anemia or polycythemia. The hematocrit tube separates blood into layers, allowing for the identification of formed elements, including the buffy coat.
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Buffy Coat
The buffy coat is the thin layer of white blood cells and platelets that forms between the plasma and red blood cells in a hematocrit tube after centrifugation. It is typically a small volume compared to red blood cells and plasma, and its analysis is important for evaluating immune function and diagnosing various blood disorders.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The normal pH of the blood is about
a. 8.4,
b. 7.8,
c. 7.4,
d. 4.7.
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Textbook Question
Suppose your blood is AB positive. This means that
a. agglutinogens A and B are present on your red blood cells,
b. there are no anti-A or anti-B antibodies in your plasma,
c. your blood is Rh⁺
d. all of the above.
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Textbook Question
If you had a high hematocrit, would you expect your hemoglobin determination to be low or high? Why?
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Textbook Question
a. Describe the process of erythropoiesis.
b. What name is given to the immature cell type released to the circulation?
c. How does it differ from a mature erythrocyte?
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Textbook Question
Besides the ability to move by amoeboid motion, what other physiological attributes contribute to the function of white blood cells in the body?
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