Mark each of the following as an effect of the sympathetic nervous system or the parasympathetic nervous system.

a. ________ Bronchodilation

b.________ Bronchoconstriction

c. ________ Constriction of pupil

d. ________ Vasoconstriction of blood vessels serving organs of digestive, urinary, and integumentary systems

e. ________ Increased metabolic rate

f. ________ Dilation of pupil

g.________ Contraction of smooth muscle of digestive tract

Video transcript

Hi, everyone. Let's take a look at this practice problem together, choose which statement is incorrect. First, I'll read through the answer options and then we'll go through each statement individually. The answer options are A one B two C three and D four. Now, before I read the statements individually, if we glance at them, they all refer to either a sympathetic response or a parasympathetic response. So let's quickly review these nervous systems recall that both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems make up the autonomic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system is known as the rest and digest response as it maintains homeostasis under normal calm conditions. The sympathetic system is known as the fight or flight response and maintains homeostasis during times of stress. So now let's look at the statements together. Statement. One, bronchodilation is a sympathetic response. Recall that bronchodilation means that the bronchioles in the lungs dilate and can take in more oxygen in times of stress. Increased oxygen intake is a necessity. So, bronchodilation is a sympathetic response. So statement one is true. Statement, three inhibition of digestion is a sympathetic response during stress. The sympathetic nervous system causes G I tract smooth muscle to relax and this decreases digestion. This is because digestion is not a vital function under times of stress. So, inhibiting digestion is a sympathetic response. So statement three is also true statement. Four, increased salivation is a parasympathetic response. Now, when the body is in a state of rest and calm glands increase their secretions, which is necessary for many digestive processes. Therefore, increased salivation is a parasympathetic response. So statement four is also a true statement. Statement two, dilation of the pupils is a parasympathetic response. Now, let's say we're running away from a bear in this scenario, the pupils dilate in order to increase our visual perception of our surroundings. This the dilation of the pupils is a sympathetic response. It is not a parasympathetic response. So statement two is the incorrect statement. The correct answer is statement two, which is option B statement two. All right, everyone. I hope you found this helpful and I'll see you soon for the next practice problem.