3. Energy & Cell Processes

Most of the electrons removed from glucose by cellular respiration are used for which of the following processes?

Which of the following best describes the electron transport chain?

In eukaryotic cells, the components of the electron transport chain are located in or on __________.

When a poison such as cyanide blocks the electron transport chain, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle also eventually stop working. Which of the following is the best explanation for this?

In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions a. are the source of energy driving prokaryotic ATP synthesis. b. provide the energy that establishes the proton gradient. c. reduce carbon atoms to carbon dioxide. d. are coupled via phosphorylated intermediates to endergonic processes

Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the a. mitochondria. b. ribosomes. c. peroxisomes. d. lysosomes.

When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs? a. The pH of the matrix increases. b. ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport. c. The electrons gain free energy. d. NAD+ is oxidized.

The poison cyanide binds to an electron carrier within the electron transport chain and blocks the movement of electrons. When this happens, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle soon grind to a halt as well. Why do you think these other two stages of cellular respiration stop? (Explain your answer.) a. They run out of ATP. b. Unused O2 interferes with cellular respiration. c. They run out of NAD+ and FAD. d. Electrons are no longer available.

The electron transport chain                   . a. is located in the matrix of the mitochondrion; b. has the electronegative carbon dioxide at its base; c. is a series of nucleotides located in the inner mitochondrial membrane; d. is a series of enzymes located in the intermembrane space; e. moves electrons from protein to protein and moves protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space

The researchers who observed that magnetite was produced by bacterial cultures from the deep subsurface carried out a follow-up experiment. These biologists treated some of the cultures with a drug that poisons the enzymes involved in electron transport chains. In cultures where the drug was present, no more magnetite was produced. Does this result support or undermine their hypothesis that the bacteria in the cultures perform cellular respiration? Explain your reasoning.

The researchers who observed that magnetite was produced by bacterial cultures from the deep subsurface carried out a follow-up experiment. These biologists treated some of the cultures with a drug that poisons the enzymes involved in electron transport chains. In cultures where the drug was present, no more magnetite was produced. Does this result support or undermine their hypothesis that the bacteria in the cultures perform cellular respiration? Explain your reasoning.

Cyanide (C≡N−) blocks complex IV of the electron transport chain. Suggest a hypothesis for what happens to the ETC when complex IV stops working. Your hypothesis should explain why cyanide poisoning in humans is fatal.