Most human cancers are __________.

• A. caused by viruses
• B. inherited from one parent, like an autosomal dominant allele
• C. inherited from both parents, like an autosomal recessive allele
• D. caused by radiation
• E. caused by the accumulation of somatic mutations

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that cancer is a complex disease that arises from changes in the DNA of cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.
2. Recognize that most human cancers are not directly inherited or caused by a single factor, but rather result from the accumulation of multiple genetic mutations over time.
3. Identify that somatic mutations are changes in the DNA that occur after conception, in any of the body's cells except the germ cells (sperm and egg), and are not passed on to offspring.
4. Consider that these somatic mutations can be caused by various factors, including environmental influences like radiation, chemicals, and viruses, but the key aspect is the accumulation of these mutations.
5. Conclude that while some cancers can be influenced by inherited genetic factors or external causes, the majority are due to the gradual accumulation of somatic mutations in the cells.