Mathematics All Around, 6th edition

Published by Pearson (January 1, 2017) © 2018

  • Tom Pirnot Kutztown University of Pennsylvania
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About the Book

New and Updated Pedagogical Features

Pirnot’s patient writing style and approach help students overcome math anxiety, developing skills through realistic applications that can be seen in the world around them.

  • UPDATED! Objectives have been rewritten using action verbs that are measurable and consistent with Bloom’s taxonomy giving students a clear idea of what they are going to learn in each section.
  • Problem solving is a theme that carries throughout the text. Section 1.1 discusses 13 problem-solving strategies that will help the students attack problems more effectively. These strategies and principles are strongly reinforced throughout the text with frequent problem-solving reminders in the example solutions and also in Problem-Solving boxes that review the methods from Chapter 1.
  • UPDATED! Current, relevant applications have been updated to include fresh ideas that are of interest to today’s students. Chapter openers give an overview of the chapter and also introduce realistic situations relevant to students’ lives that motivate the mathematical tools developed in the chapter. Many section openers have also been rewritten to introduce the concepts in a way students find interesting.
  • UPDATED! An increased number of visual explanations will help students “see” the mathematics they are learning.
  • UPDATED! Added and revised examples feature, clarified explanations, simplified computations, and increased diagrams and annotations in every chapter.
  • Quiz Yourself are numerous short quizzes in each section that can be used as a break in the flow of the lecture material to encourage active learning and concept reinforcement. A special symbol indicates when students should try a Quiz Yourself.
  • Looking Deeper, the last section of each chapter, discusses an enrichment topic -- fuzzy logic, linear programming, fractals, and more -- to offer an interesting concept beyond the main chapter topic.
  • UPDATED! Math in Your Life: Between the Numbers boxes focus on situations that are relevant to students’ lives showing them how math exists all around them and getting them to think more critically. Exercise sets in each section expand upon the material in these highlights.
  • In response to student and instructor feedback, additional Some Good Advice boxes point out common mistakes, provide further advice on problem solving, and make connections between different areas of mathematics.
  • UPDATED! Using Technology boxes focus on familiar technologies such as calculators and spreadsheets in addition to more modern free, mobile apps. For ease of use, Using Technology boxes are now integrated into the text near examples where the technology is most appropriate.
  • NEW! A printed Workbook for students provides additional study support with objective summaries, notetaking, worked-out problems, and additional problems for practice. The Workbook is available for download in MyLab Math or as a printed, unbound, three-hole-punched workbook that can be used as the foundation for a course notebook.

Exercises and end of chapter material have been fully updated to better support students as they review and practice, while also making it easier for instructors to prepare their assignments.

  • UPDATED! Exercise sets have undergone a major revision to reduce repetition, enhance variety, and emphasize current applications. Hundreds of exercises are either new or updated.
    • Students can use ‘Sharpening Your Skills’ exercises to hone their newly acquired skills.
    • An increase in ‘Applying What You’ve Learned’ exercises have been increased and the authors researched hundreds of sources to vary, update, and enrich these application-oriented exercises with real, current data.
    • ‘Communicating Mathematics’ asks the students to write about the mathematics they are learning, and have been enhanced based on reviewers’ recommendations.
    • To encourage students to read the ‘Math In Your Life: Between the Numbers’ boxes, ‘Math In Your Life: Between the Numbers’ exercises, related to the highlights of the same name, are included in their own category so instructors can assign them and thereby encourage students to read these highlights.
    • More rigorous exercises are grouped in the ‘Challenge Yourself’ category.
  • Summaries are now tightly coordinated with the chapter objectives and enable students to locate relevant examples and exercises in the chapter for more efficient review.
  • Chapter Review Exercises are cross-referenced to the sections that cover the relevant topics, allowing students who are not comfortable with a concept to return to the section easily.
  • Chapter Tests checks students’ knowledge by providing a variety of questions that are not referenced to specific sections. Chapter Test problems are in a random order to better test students’ understanding.

Also available with MyLab Math

MyLab™ Math is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with this text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students practice what they learn, test their understanding, and engage with media resources to help them absorb course material and understand difficult concepts.


Help students overcome math anxiety and develop their skills through applications

  • NEW! Animations let students interact with the math in a visual, tangible way. These allow students to explore and manipulate the mathematical concepts, leading to more durable understanding. Corresponding exercises in MyLab Math make these truly assignable.
  • NEW! Interactive Concept Videos provide a brief explanation, and then the video pauses to ask students to try a problem on their own. Incorrect answers are followed by further explanation taking into consideration what may have led to the student selecting that particular wrong answer.
  • NEW! An updated Video Program features a modern, approachable presentation of new example-based videos to give students support at home, in a lab, or on the go. Problem-solving methods are reinforced throughout the videos, and assignable video assessment questions in MyLab Math give instructors insight into students’ understanding of what they’ve watched.
  • NEW! Student Success modules help students succeed in college courses and prepare for their future professions.
  • NEW! Mindset videos and assignable writing prompts motivate students to think of their brain as a muscle that can grow, developing new abilities - like doing math - rather than thinking of math as a talent they just don’t have.
  • Flashcards are available in a modern, mobile-ready format, so students can study and reinforce vocabulary on the go.
  • Auto-graded exercise sets allow students to get instant, personalized feedback while providing instructors insight into how students are performing so that they can evolve their classroom accordingly.
    • Exercise coverage gives instructors more flexibility when building assignments and offers students more practice opportunities.
    • Problem-solving exercises require students to select a strategy and then work through the stepped-out problem.
    • Vocabulary exercises ensure that students understand new terms.
    • Quiz Yourself exercises mirror the Quiz Yourself problems in each section, to provide hands-on practice that aligns with the examples in the chapter.

Foster student engagement and peer-to-peer learning

  • NEW! Group Projects have been moved from the text to the MyLab Math course and provide opportunities for students to collaborate. Annotations in the Annotated Instructor’s Edition indicate to instructors when a Group Project might be particularly relevant to the topic at hand.
  • MyLab Math provides Learning Catalytics–an interactive, student response tool that uses students’ smartphones, tablets, or laptops to engage them in more sophisticated tasks and thinking. Premade questions are available (search tag within Learning Catalytics: PirnotMAA). With Learning Catalytics, instructors can pose questions, monitor responses to find out where students are struggling, and manage student interactions with automatic grouping.
  • NEW! StatCrunch is now integrated into Pirnot’s MyLab Math course to allow students to harness technology to perform complex analysis on data. StatCrunch isa powerful, web-based statistical software that allows users to analyze and share data sets, and generate compelling reports. The vibrant online community in StatCrunch offers tens of thousands of data sets shared by users.

Personalized support and targeted practice to help all students succeed.

  • NEW! An Integrated Review MyLab Math course option provides a complete liberal arts course with embedded review of select developmental topics at the chapter level.
    • Assignments on prerequisite topics are pre-assigned in this course—students begin with a Skills Check on prerequisite topics needed for that chapter.
    • Students who prove mastery can move on to the Mathematics All Around content, while students who need additional review can remediate using resources like the developmental videos and Integrated Review Worksheets.
    • This course solution can be used in a co-requisite course model, or simply to help underprepared students master prerequisite skills and concepts.

About the Book

New and Updated Pedagogical Features

Pirnot’s patient writing style and approach help students overcome math anxiety, developing skills through realistic applications that can be seen in the world around them.

  • Objectives have been rewritten using action verbs that are measurable and consistent with Bloom’s taxonomy giving students a clear idea of what they are going to learn in each section.
  • Current, relevant applications have been updated to include fresh ideas that are of interest to today’s students. Chapter openers give an overview of the chapter and also introduce realistic situations relevant to students’ lives that motivate the mathematical tools developed in the chapter. Many section openers have also been rewritten to introduce the concepts in a way students find interesting.
  • An increased number of visual explanations will help students “see” the mathematics they are learning.
  • Added and revised examples feature, clarified explanations, simplified computations, and increased diagrams and annotations in every chapter.
  • Math in Your Life: Between the Numbers boxes focus on situations that are relevant to students’ lives showing them how math exists all around them and getting them to think more critically. Exercise sets in each section expand upon the material in these highlights.
  • Using Technology boxes focus on familiar technologies such as calculators and spreadsheets in addition to more modern free, mobile apps. For ease of use, Using Technology boxes are now integrated into the text near examples where the technology is most appropriate.
  • A printed Workbook for students provides additional study support with objective summaries, notetaking, worked-out problems, and additional problems for practice. The Workbook is available for download in MyLab Math or as a printed, unbound, three-hole-punched workbook that can be used as the foundation for a course notebook.

Exercises and end of chapter material have been fully updated to better support students as they review and practice, while also making it easier for instructors to prepare their assignments.

  • Exercise sets have undergone a major revision to reduce repetition, enhance variety, and emphasize current applications. Hundreds of exercises are either new or updated.
    • Students can use ‘Sharpening Your Skills’ exercises to hone their newly acquired skills.
    • An increase in ‘Applying What You’ve Learned’ exercises have been increased and the authors researched hundreds of sources to vary, update, and enrich these application-oriented exercises with real, current data.
    • ‘Communicating Mathematics’ asks the students to write about the mathematics they are learning, and have been enhanced based on reviewers’ recommendations.
    • To encourage students to read the Math In Your Life: Between the Numbers boxes, ‘Math In Your Life: Between the Numbers’ exercises, related to the highlights of the same name, are included in their own category so instructors can assign them and thereby encourage students to read these highlights.
    • More rigorous exercises are grouped in the ‘Challenge Yourself’ category.

Also available with MyLab Math

MyLab™ Math is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with this text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students practice what they learn, test their understanding, and engage with media resources to help them absorb course material and understand difficult concepts.

Help students overcome math anxiety and develop their skills through applications

  • Animations let students interact with the math in a visual, tangible way. These allow students to explore and manipulate the mathematical concepts, leading to more durable understanding. Corresponding exercises in MyLab Math make these truly assignable.
  • Interactive Concept Videos provide a brief explanation, and then the video pauses to ask students to try a problem on their own. Incorrect answers are followed by further explanation taking into consideration what may have led to the student selecting that particular wrong answer.
  • An updated Video Program features a modern, approachable presentation of new example-based videos to give students support at home, in a lab, or on the go. Problem-solving methods are reinforced throughout the videos, and assignable video assessment questions in MyLab Math give instructors insight into students’ understanding of what they’ve watched.
  • Student Success modules help students succeed in college courses and prepare for their future professions.
  • Mindset videos and assignable writing prompts motivate students to think of their brain as a muscle that can grow, developing new abilities - like doing math - rather than thinking of math as a talent they just don’t have.

Foster student engagement and peer-to-peer learning

  • Group Projects have been moved from the text to the MyLab Math course and provide opportunities for students to collaborate. Annotations in the Annotated Instructor’s Edition indicate to instructors when a Group Project might be particularly relevant to the topic at hand.
  • StatCrunch is now integrated into Pirnot’s MyLab Math course to allow students to harness technology to perform complex analysis on data. StatCrunch isa powerful, web-based statistical software that allows users to analyze and share data sets, and generate compelling reports. The vibrant online community in StatCrunch offers tens of thousands of data sets shared by users.

Personalized support and targeted practice to help all students succeed.

  • An Integrated Review MyLab Math course option provides a complete liberal arts course with embedded review of select developmental topics at the chapter level.
    • Assignments on prerequisite topics are pre-assigned in this course—students begin with a Skills Check on prerequisite topics needed for that chapter.
    • Students who prove mastery can move on to the Mathematics All Around content, while students who need additional review can remediate using resources like the developmental videos and Integrated Review Worksheets.
    • This course solution can be used in a co-requisite course model, or simply to help underprepared students master prerequisite skills and concepts.

Preface

 

Chapter 1 Problem Solving: Strategies and Principles

1.1 Problem Solving

1.2 Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

1.3 Estimation

 

Chapter 2 Set Theory: Using Mathematics to Classify Objects

2.1 The Language of Sets

2.2 Comparing Sets

2.3 Set Operations

2.4 Survey Problems

2.5 Looking Deeper: Infinite Sets

 

Chapter 3 Logic: The Study of What’s True or False or Somewhere in Between

3.1 Statements, Connectives, and Quantifiers

3.2 Truth Tables

3.3 The Conditional and Biconditional

3.4 Verifying Arguments

3.5 Using Euler Diagrams to Verify Syllogisms

3.6 Looking Deeper: Fuzzy Logic

 

Chapter 4 Graph Theory (Networks): The Mathematics of Relationships

4.1 Graphs, Puzzles, and Map Coloring

4.2 The Traveling Salesperson Problem

4.3 Directed Graphs

4.4 Looking Deeper: Scheduling Projects Using PERT

 

Chapter 5 Numeration Systems: Does It Matter How We Name Numbers?

5.1 The Evolution of Numeration Systems

5.2 Place Value Systems

5.3 Calculating in Other Bases

5.4 Looking Deeper: Modular Systems

 

Chapter 6 Number Theory and the Real Number System: Understanding the Numbers All Around Us

6.1 Number Theory

6.2 The Integers

6.3 The Rational Numbers

6.4 The Real Number System

6.5 Exponents and Scientific Notation

6.6 Looking Deeper: Sequences

 

Chapter 7 Algebraic Models: How Do We Approximate Reality?

7.1 Linear Equations

7.2 Modeling with Linear Equations

7.3 Modeling with Quadratic Equations

7.4 Exponential Equations and Growth

7.5 Proportions and Variation

7.6 Modeling with Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities

7.7 Looking Deeper: Dynamical Systems

 

Chapter 8 Consumer Mathematics: The Mathematics of Everyday Life

8.1 Percents, Taxes, and Inflation

8.2 Interest

8.3 Consumer Loans

8.4 Annuities

8.5 Amortized Loans

8.6 Looking Deeper: Annual Percentage Rate

 

Chapter 9 Geometry: Ancient and Modern Mathematics Embrace

9.1 Lines, Angles, and Circles

9.2 Polygons

9.3 Perimeter and Area

9.4 Volume and Surface Area

9.5 The Metric System and Dimensional Analysis

9.6 Geometric Symmetry and Tessellations

9.7 Looking Deeper: Fractals

 

Chapter 10 Apportionment: How Do We Measure Fairness?

10.1 Understanding Apportionment

10.2 The Huntington-Hill Apportionment Principle

10.3 Other Paradoxes and Apportionment Methods

10.4 Looking Deeper: Fair Division

 

Chapter 11 Voting: using Mathematics to make Choices

11.1 Voting Methods

11.2 Defects in Voting Methods

11.3 Weighted Voting Systems

11.4 Looking Deeper: The Shapley-Shubik Index

 

Chapter 12 Counting: Just How many Are There?

12.1 Introduction to Counting Methods

12.2 The Fundamental Counting Principle

12.3 Permutations and Combinations

12.4 Looking Deeper: Counting and Gambling

 

Chapter 13 Probability: What Are the Chances?

13.1 The Basics of Probability Theory

13.2  Complements and Unions of Events

13.3 Conditional Probability and Intersections of Events

13.4 Expected Value

13.5 Looking Deeper: Binomial Experiments


Chapter 14 Descriptive Statistics: Making Sense of the Data

14.1 Organizing and Visualizing Data

14.2 Measures of Central Tendency

14.3 Measures of Dispersion

14.4 The Normal Distribution

14.5 Looking Deeper: Linear Correlation


Appendix A

Answers to Quiz Yourself Problems

Answers to Exercises

Credits

Index

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