Networking Essentials: A CompTIA Network+ N10-007 Textbook, 5th edition

    Introduction xxii
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Computer Networks 2
        Chapter Outline 3
        Objectives 3
        Key Terms 3
    1-1 Introduction 5
    1-2 Network Topologies 7
        Section 1-2 Review 11
        Test Your Knowledge 11
    1-3 The OSI Model 12
        Section 1-3 Review 14
        Test Your Knowledge 15
    1-4 The Ethernet LAN 16
        IP Addressing 20
        Section 1-4 Review 22
        Test Your Knowledge 23
    1-5 Home Networking 24
        Securing a Home Network 33
        IP Addressing in a Home Network 34
    Section 1-5 Review 36
        Test Your Knowledge 37
    1-6 Assembling an Office LAN 38
        Section 1-6 Review 43
        Test Your Knowledge 43
    1-7 Testing and Troubleshooting a LAN 44
        Section 1-7 Review 47
        Test Your Knowledge 47
    Summary 48
    Questions and Problems 48
        Certification Questions 56
CHAPTER 2 Physical Layer Cabling: Twisted-Pair 60
        Chapter Outline 61
        Objectives 61
        Key Terms 61
    2-1 Introduction 63
    2-2 Structured Cabling 64
        Horizontal Cabling 67
        Section 2-2 Review 70
        Test Your Knowledge 70
    2-3 Unshielded Twisted-Pair Cable 71
        Shielded Twisted-Pair Cable 74
        Section 2-3 Review 75
        Test Your Knowledge 75
    2-4 Terminating CAT6/5e/5 UTP Cables 76
        Computer Communication 78
        Straight-through and Crossover Patch Cables 80
        Section 2-4 Review 87
        Test Your Knowledge 88
    2-5 Cable Testing and Certification 89
        Section 2-5 Review 93
        Test Your Knowledge 93
    2-6 10 Gigabit Ethernet over Copper 94
        Overview 94
        Alien Crosstalk 95
        Signal Transmission 96
        Section 2-6 Review 97
        Test Your Knowledge 97
    2-7 Troubleshooting Cabling Systems 98
        Installation 98
        Cable Stretching 99
        Cable Failing to Meet Manufacturer Specifications 99
        CAT5e Cable Test Examples 100
    Section 2-7 Review 106
        Test Your Knowledge 106
    Summary 107
    Questions and Problems 107
        Certification Questions 115
CHAPTER 3 Physical Layer Cabling: Fiber Optics 118
        Chapter Outline 119
        Objectives 119
        Key Terms 119
    3-1 Introduction 120
    3-2 The Nature of Light 123
        Graded-Index Fiber 127
        Single-Mode Fibers 127
        Section 3-2 Review 128
        Test Your Knowledge 129
    3-3 Fiber Attenuation and Dispersion 129
        Attenuation 129
        Dispersion 131
        Dispersion Compensation 132
        Section 3-3 Review 133
        Test Your Knowledge 133
    3-4 Optical Components 134
        Intermediate Components 135
        Detectors 136
        Fiber Connectorization 138
        Section 3-4 Review 139
        Test Your Knowledge 140
    3-5 Optical Networking 140
        Defining Optical Networking 141
        Building Distribution 143
        Campus Distribution 147
        Section 3-5 Review 150
        Test Your Knowledge 150
    3-6 Safety 151
        Section 3-6 Review 152
        Test Your Knowledge 152
    Summary 153
    Questions and Problems 153
        Certification Questions 156
CHAPTER 4 Wireless Networking 158
        Chapter Outline 159
        Objectives 159
        Key Terms 159
    4-1 Introduction 160
    4-2 The IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Standard 161
        Section 4-2 Review 169
        Test Your Knowledge 170
    4-3 802.11 Wireless Networking 170
        Section 4-3 Review 180
        Test Your Knowledge 181
    4-4 Bluetooth, WiMAX, RFID, and Mobile Communications 181
        Bluetooth 181
        WiMAX 184
        Radio Frequency Identification 185
        Mobile (Cellular) Communications 188
        Section 4-4 Review 189
        Test Your Knowledge 189
    4-5 Configuring a Point-to-Multipoint Wireless LAN: A Case Study 190
        Step 1. Conducting an Antenna Site Survey 191
        Step 2. Establishing a Point-to-Point Wireless Link to the Home Network 191
        Steps 3 and 4. Configuring the Multipoint Distribution and Conducting an RF Site Survey 192
        Step 5. Configuring the Remote Installations 194
        Section 4-5 Review 195
        Test Your Knowledge 195
    Summary 196
    Questions and Problems 196
        Critical Thinking 200
        Certification Questions 201
CHAPTER 5 Interconnecting the LANs 204
        Chapter Outline 205
        Objectives 205
        Key Terms 205
    5-1 Introduction 206
    5-2 The Network Bridge 207
        Section 5-2 Review 212
        Test Your Knowledge 213
    5-3 The Network Switch 213
        Hub and Switch Comparison 216
        Managed Switches 218
        Multilayer Switches 223
        Section 5-3 Review 224
        Test Your Knowledge 224
    5-4 The Router 225
        The Router Interface: Cisco 2800 Series 226
        Section 5-4 Review 229
        Test Your Knowledge 230
    5-5 Interconnecting LANs with the Router 230
        Gateway Address 233
        Network Segments 233
        Section 5-5 Review 233
        Test Your Knowledge 234
    5-6 Configuring the Network Interface: Auto-negotiation 234
        Auto-negotiation Steps 235
        Full-Duplex/Half-Duplex 235
        Section 5-6 Review 237
        Test Your Knowledge 237
    5-7 The Console Port Connection 238
        Configuring the HyperTerminal Software (Windows) 240
        Configuring the ZTerm Serial Communications Software (Mac) 242
        Section 5-7 Review 244
        Test Your Knowledge 244
    Summary 245
    Questions and Problems 245
        Critical Thinking 250
        Certification Questions 251
CHAPTER 6 TCP/IP 254
        Chapter Outline 255
        Objectives 255
        Key Terms 255
    6-1 Introduction 256
    6-2 The TCP/IP Layers 257
        The Application Layer 258
        The Transport Layer 260
        The Internet Layer 264
        The Network Interface Layer 266
        Section 6-2 Review 267
        Test Your Knowledge 267
    6-3 Number Conversion 268
        Binary-to-Decimal Conversion 268
        Decimal-to-Binary Conversion 270
        Hexadecimal Numbers 271
        Section 6-3 Review 274
        Test Your Knowledge 274
    6-4 IPv4 Addressing 274
        Section 6-4 Review 278
        Test Your Knowledge 278
    6-5 Subnet Masks 278
        Section 6-5 Review 285
        Test Your Knowledge 286
    6-6 CIDR Blocks 286
        Section 6-6 Review 289
        Test Your Knowledge 289
    6-7 IPv6 Addressing 290
        IPv6 CIDR 294
        Section 6-7 Review 295
        Test Your Knowledge 295
    Summary 296
    Questions and Problems 296
        Critical Thinking 305
        Certification Questions 306
CHAPTER 7 Introduction to Switch Configuration 310
        Chapter Outline 311
    Objectives 311
        Key Terms 311
    7-1 Introduction 312
    7-2 Introduction to VLANs 313
        Virtual LANs 313
        Section 7-2 Review 315
        Test Your Knowledge 315
    7-3 Introduction to Switch Configuration 316
        Hostname 316
        Enable Secret 317
        Setting the Line Console Passwords 317
        Static VLAN Configuration 319
        Networking Challenge: Switch Configuration 323
        Section 7-3 Review 323
        Test Your Knowledge 324
    7-4 Spanning-Tree Protocol 324
        Section 7-4 Review 326
        Test Your Knowledge 327
    7-5 Network Management 327
        Configuring SNMP 328
        Section 7-5 Review 331
        Test Your Knowledge 331
    7-6 Power over Ethernet 332
        Section 7-6 Review 334
        Test Your Knowledge 335
    7-7 Switch Security 335
        Switch Port Security 337
        STP Special Features 338
        Section 7-7 Review 340
        Test Your Knowledge 340
    Summary 341
    Questions and Problems 341
        Critical Thinking 348
        Certification Questions 348
CHAPTER 8 Introduction to Router Configuration 352
        Chapter Outline 353
        Objectives 353
        Key Terms 353
    8-1 Introduction 354
    8-2 Router Fundamentals 355
        Layer 3 Networks 356
        Section 8-2 Review 362
        Test Your Knowledge 362
    8-3 The Router’s User EXEC Mode (Router>) 363
        The User EXEC Mode 363
        Router Configuration Challenge: User EXEC Mode 366
        Section 8-3 Review 368
        Test Your Knowledge 369
    8-4 The Router’s Privileged EXEC Mode (Router#) 369
        Hostname 371
        Enable Secret 371
        Setting the Line Console Passwords 372
        FastEthernet Interface Configuration 373
        Serial Interface Configuration 374
        Router Configuration Challenge: Privileged EXEC Mode 376
        Section 8-4 Review 378
        Test Your Knowledge 379
    Summary 380
    Questions and Problems 380
        Critical Thinking 385
        Certification Questions 387
CHAPTER 9 Routing Protocols 390
    Chapter Outline 391
        Objectives 391
        Key Terms 391
    9-1 Introduction 392
    9-2 Static Routing 393
        Gateway of Last Resort 400
        Configuring Static Routes 400
        Networking Challenge: Static Routes 403
        Section 9-2 Review 404
        Test Your Knowledge 404
    9-3 Dynamic Routing Protocols 405
        Section 9-3 Review 406
        Test Your Knowledge 407
    9-4 Distance Vector Protocols 407
        Section 9-4 Review 410
        Test Your Knowledge 410
    9-5 Configuring RIP and RIPv2 410
        Configuring Routes with RIP 412
        Configuring Routes with RIPv2 417
        Networking Challenge: RIPv2 418
        Section 9-5 Review 419
        Test Your Knowledge 420
    9-6 Link State Protocols 420
        Section 9-6 Review 423
        Test Your Knowledge 423
    9-7 Configuring the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Routing Protocol 424
        Networking Challenge: OSPF 429
        Section 9-7 Review 430
        Test Your Knowledge 430
    9-8 Advanced Distance Vector Protocol: Configuring Enhanced Interior Gateway
        Routing Protocol (EIGRP) 430
        Configuring Routes with EIGRP 431
        Networking Challenge: EIGRP 436
        Section 9-8 Review 437
        Test Your Knowledge 437
    9-9 IPv6 Routing 438
        IPv6 Static Routing 438
        RIP for IPv6 438
        OSPF for IPv6 439
        EIGRP for IPv6 440
        Section 9-9 Review 440
        Test Your Knowledge 440
    Summary 442
    Questions and Problems 442
        Critical Thinking 455
        Certification Questions 456
CHAPTER 10 Internet Technologies: Out to the Internet 458
        Chapter Outline 459
        Objectives 459
        Key Terms 459
    10-1 Introduction 461
    10-2 The Line Connection 463
        Data Channels 464
        Point of Presence 465
        Section 10-2 Review 468
        Test Your Knowledge 468
    10-3 Remote Access 468
        Analog Modem Technologies 469
        Cable Modems 470
        xDSL Modems 470
        Remote Access Server 472
        Section 10-3 Review 475
        Test Your Knowledge 475
    10-4 Metro Ethernet/Carrier Ethernet 476
        Ethernet Service Types 477
        Service Attributes 479
        Section 10-4 Review 479
        Test Your Knowledge 480
    10-5 Network Services: DHCP and DNS 480
        The DHCP Data Packets 482
        DHCP Deployment 483
        Network Services: DNS 485
        Internet Domain Names 486
        Section 10-5 Review 491
        Test Your Knowledge 492
    10-6 Internet Routing: BGP 492
        Section 10-6 Review 495
        Test Your Knowledge 495
    10-7 Analyzing Internet Data Traffic 495
        Utilization/Errors Strip Chart 497
        Network Layer Matrix 497
        Network Layer Host Table 498
        Frame Size Distribution 498
        Section 10-7 Review 499
        Test Your Knowledge 500
    Summary 501
    Questions and Problems 501
        Certification Questions 507
CHAPTER 11 Troubleshooting 510
        Chapter Outline 511
        Objectives 511
        Key Terms 511
    11-1 Introduction 512
    11-2 Analyzing Computer Networks 514
        Using Wireshark to Inspect Data Packets 514
        Using Wireshark to Capture Packets 517
        Section 11-2 Review 519
        Test Your Knowledge 519
    11-3 Analyzing Computer Networks: FTP Data Packets 519
        Section 11-3 Review 520
        Test Your Knowledge 521
    11-4 Analyzing Campus Network Data Traffic 521
        Section 11-4 Review 524
        Test Your Knowledge 524
    11-5 Troubleshooting the Router Interface 525
        Section 11-5 Review 529
        Test Your Knowledge 529
    11-6 Troubleshooting the Switch Interface 530
        Section 11-6 Review 534
        Test Your Knowledge 534
    11-7 Troubleshooting Fiber Optics: The OTDR 535
        Section 11-7 Review 537
        Test Your Knowledge 537
    11-8 Troubleshooting Wireless Networks 537
        Hardware Issues 537
        Signal Strength Problems 538
        Frequency Interference Problems 538
        Load Issues 538
        DHCP Issues 538
        SSID Issues 538
        Securing Wi-Fi Issues 538
        Wireless Printer Issues 538
        Wireless Router Issues 539
        Extending the Wireless Range 539
        Selecting Wireless Channels 539
        Wireless Compatibility 539
        Cable Issues 540
        Switch Uptime 540
        Section 11-8 Review 540
        Test Your Knowledge 540
    11-9 Troubleshooting IP Networks 541
        Verifying Network Settings 543
        Investigating IP Address Issues 543
        Finding Subnet Mask Issues 544
        Looking for Gateway Issues 544
        Identifying Name Resolution Issues 544
        Investigating DHCP Issues 545
        Checking for Blocked TCP/UDP Ports 546
        Section 11-9 Review 546
        Test Your Knowledge 547
    Summary 548
    Questions and Problems 548
        Certification Questions 555
CHAPTER 12 Network Security 558
        Chapter Outline 559
        Objectives 559
        Key Terms 559
    12-1 Introduction 560
    12-2 Intrusion: How Attackers Gain Control of a Network 562
        Social Engineering 562
        Password Cracking 563
        Packet Sniffing 564
        Vulnerable Software 566
        Preventing Vulnerable Software Attacks 567
        Viruses and Worms 569
        Section 12-2 Review 570
        Test Your Knowledge 571
    12-3 Denial of Service 571
        Distributed Denial of Service Attacks 574
        Section 12-3 Review 574
        Test Your Knowledge 574
    12-4 Security Software and Hardware 575
        Antivirus Software 575
        Personal Firewalls 575
        Configuring Firewall Settings for Windows 10 576
        Configuring Firewall Settings for Mac OS X 580
        Configuring Firewall Settings for Linux 581
        Firewalls 582
        Other Security Appliances 584
        Computer Forensics 585
        Section 12-4 Review 586
        Test Your Knowledge 587
    12-5 Managing Network Access 587
        Section 12-5 Review 589
        Test Your Knowledge 589
    12-6 Introduction to Virtual Private Networks 590
        VPN Tunneling Protocols 591
        Configuring a Remote Access VPN Server 593
        Configuring a Remote Client’s VPN Connection 593
        Windows 10/8/7 VPN Client 593
        Mac OS X VPN Client 594
        Cisco VPN Client 595
        Section 12-6 Review 599
        Test Your Knowledge 599
    12-7 Wireless Security 600
        Section 12-7 Review 604
        Test Your Knowledge 604
    Summary 605
    Questions and Problems 605
        Critical Thinking 610
        Certification Questions 611
CHAPTER 13 Cloud Computing and Virtualization 614
        Chapter Outline 615
        Objectives 615
        Key Terms 615
    13-1 Introduction 616
    13-2 Virtualization 617
        Setting Up Virtualization on Windows 8 or 10 620
        Section 13-2 Review 628
        Test Your Knowledge 628
    13-3 Cloud Computing 629
        Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 631
        Platform as a Service (PaaS) 632
        Software as a Service (SaaS) 632
        Cloud Infrastructures 632
        Section 13-3 Review 633
        Test Your Knowledge 634
    13-4 Enterprise Storage 634
        Section 13-4 Review 635
        Test Your Knowledge 635
    Summary 637
    Questions and Problems 637
        Certification Questions 640
CHAPTER 14 Codes and Standards 642
        Chapter Outline 643
        Objectives 643
        Key Terms 643
    14-1 Introduction 644
    14-2 Safety Standards and Codes 645
        Design and Construction Requirements for Exit Routes (29 CFR 1910.36) 645
        Maintenance, Safeguards, and Operational Features for Exit Routes (29 CFR 1910.37) 646
        Emergency Action Plans (29 CFR 1910.38) 647
        Fire Prevention Plans (29 CFR 1910.39) 647
        Portable Fire Extinguishers (29 CFR 1910.157) 648
        Fixed Extinguishing Systems (29 CFR 1910.160) 648
        Fire Detection Systems (29 CFR 1910.164) 650
        Employee Alarm Systems (29 CFR 1910.165) 650
        Hazard Communication (29 CFR 1910.1200) 651
        HVAC Systems 652
        Door Access 652
        Section 14-2 Review 652
        Test Your Knowledge 653
    14-3 Industry Regulatory Compliance 653
        FERPA 653
        FISMA 653
        GLBA 654
        HIPAA 654
        PCI DSS 654
        International Export Controls 654
        Section 14-3 Review 656
        Test Your Knowledge 656
    14-4 Business Policies, Procedures, and Other Best Practices 657
        Memorandum of Understanding 657
        Service Level Agreement 658
        Master Service Agreement 658
        Master License Agreement 658
        Non-Disclosure Agreement 659
        Statement of Work 659
        Acceptable Use Policy 659
        Incident Response Policy 659
        Password Policy 660
        Privileged User Agreement 660
        Standard Operating Procedure 660
        Other Best Practices 661
        Asset Management 661
        Section 14-4 Review 662
        Test Your Knowledge 662
    14-5 Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery 663
        Section 14-5 Review 664
        Test Your Knowledge 665
    Summary 666
    Questions and Problems 666
        Certification Questions 672
Glossary 674
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