Simplify each expression. See Example 1. (5x²y) (-3x³y⁴)
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Identify the expression to simplify: \((5x^{2}y)(-3x^{3}y^{4})\).
Apply the associative property of multiplication to group the coefficients and the variables separately: \((5 \times -3)(x^{2} \times x^{3})(y \times y^{4})\).
Multiply the coefficients: \(5 \times -3 = -15\).
Use the product of powers property for variables with the same base: \(x^{2} \times x^{3} = x^{2+3} = x^{5}\) and \(y \times y^{4} = y^{1+4} = y^{5}\).
Combine all parts to write the simplified expression: \(-15x^{5}y^{5}\).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Multiplication of Coefficients
When multiplying algebraic expressions, multiply the numerical coefficients (constants) separately from the variables. For example, multiplying 5 and -3 gives -15, which becomes the new coefficient of the product.
When multiplying variables with the same base, add their exponents. For instance, x² multiplied by x³ equals x^(2+3) = x⁵. This rule applies to all variables with matching bases.
Each variable is treated independently when multiplying expressions. Multiply the coefficients, then apply the product of powers rule to each variable separately, such as y¹ times y⁴ equals y⁵.