Ch 19: The First Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 19, Problem 19
Five moles of an ideal monatomic gas with an initial temperature of 127°C expand and, in the process, absorb 1500 J of heat and do 2100 J of work. What is the final temperature of the gas?
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Textbook Question
A cylinder contains 0.100 mol of an ideal monatomic gas. Initially the gas is at 1.00 * 10^5 Pa and occupies a volume of 2.50 * 10^-3 m^3. (b) If the gas is allowed to expand to twice the initial volume, find the final temperature (in kelvins) and pressure of the gas if the expansion is (i) isothermal; (ii) isobaric; (iii) adiabatic.
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Textbook Question
A cylinder contains 0.100 mol of an ideal monatomic gas. Initially the gas is at 1.00 * 10^5 Pa and occupies a volume of 2.50 * 10^-3 m^3. (b) If the gas is allowed to expand to twice the initial volume, find the final temperature (in kelvins) and pressure of the gas if the expansion is (i) isothermal; (ii) isobaric; (iii) adiabatic.
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Textbook Question
Work Done in a Cyclic Process. (a) In Fig. 19.7a, consider the closed loop 1 → 3 → 2 → 4 → 1. This is a cyclic process in which the initial and final states are the same. Find the total work done by the system in this cyclic process, and show that it is equal to the area enclosed by the loop.
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Textbook Question
A gas in a cylinder is held at a constant pressure of 1.80 * 10^5 Pa and is cooled and compressed from 1.70 m^3 to 1.20 m^3. The internal energy of the gas decreases by 1.40 * 10^5 J. (c) Does it matter whether the gas is ideal? Why or why not?
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Textbook Question
Boiling Water at High Pressure. When water is boiled at a pressure of 2.00 atm, the heat of vaporization is 2.20 * 10^6 J/kg and the boiling point is 120°C. At this pressure, 1.00 kg of water has a volume of 1.00 * 10^-3 m^3 , and 1.00 kg of steam has a volume of 0.824 m^3. (b) Compute the increase in internal energy of the water.
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Textbook Question
An experimenter adds 970 J of heat to 1.75 mol of an ideal gas to heat it from 10.0°C to 25.0°C at constant pressure. The gas does +223 J of work during the expansion. (b) Calculate γ for the gas.
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