Organic Chemistry
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For the following compounds, identify which carboxylic acid derivative functional group is present.
Consider the polymers shown below:
Identify the kind of polymer for each.
Determine if the following compound is a derivative of a carboxylic acid.
Consider the heterocyclic compound shown below:
(i) What kind of acid derivative is it?
(ii) Determine the compounds formed upon complete hydrolysis.
(iii) Is it aromatic? Justify your answer.
Determine the product(s) of the acid-base reactions below (if any).
i) propanoic acid + ammonia
ii) phthalic acid + sodium hydroxide
iii) p-toluic acid + sodium trichloroacetate
Rank the sets of compounds below from least to most acidic:
i) methanol, phenol, formic acid
ii) benzoic acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid
iii) salicylic acid, m-nitrosalicylic acid, p-nitrosalicylic acid
Consider the following compound:
(i) Identify if any type of acidic derivatives are present in its structure.
(ii) Predict the compounds formed after complete hydrolysis.
(iii) Determine whether or not its cyclic structure can be classified as aromatic. Explain your answer.
Consider the compound shown below:
(i) Identify the type of acid derivative present in this compound.
(ii) What would be the result of complete hydrolysis of this compound?
(iii) Is the ring structure in this compound aromatic? Justify your answer.
Show how the following compound can be synthesized using the given starting material and any necessary reagents.
The structure given represents a widely used synthetic fiber known for its strength and durability – Kevlar® (Aramid). (i) Identify its type (polyester, polyether, etc.), (ii) illustrate the monomer that would be released upon complete hydrolysis, and (iii) propose potential stable derivatives or original monomers that could have been utilized in its production.
The structure given represents a polymer commonly used in beverage containers – Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). (i) Identify its type (polyester, polyether, etc.), (ii) illustrate what would be released upon complete hydrolysis, and (iii) propose potential stable derivatives or original monomers that could have been utilized in its production.
When ethyl furoate is treated with an excess of methylmagnesium bromide, it is expected that the Grignard reagent will be added two times and yield a tertiary (3°) alcohol after aqueous workup. However, it is observed that an unexpected product is also formed along with the expected product. Both products are tertiary alcohols; the expected product has two methyl groups, while the unexpected product incorporates three methyl groups. Suggest a mechanism to explain the addition of the third methyl group in the unexpected product.
Show how the following synthesis can be accomplished efficiently.
Show how the following synthesis can be accomplished using suitable reagents.
Illustrate how the given starting material could be converted into the following nitrile:
benzoic acid → 2-phenylacetonitrile
Show how the given starting material could be converted into the following nitrile:
1-bromo-4-nitrobenzene → 4-bromobenzonitrile
Illustrate how the following synthesis could be achieved in good yield:
Show how the given synthesis could be achieved in good yield:
Illustrate how would the synthesis below be achieved in good yield:
Design a multistep synthesis utilizing the indicated starting material and any necessary reagents to obtain the desired product.
Provide a synthetic pathway utilizing the indicated starting material and any necessary reagents to obtain the desired product.
Using the intermolecular forces of attraction concept, explain why propionic acid (bp = 141 °C) has a higher boiling point than propaneperoxoic acid (bp = 120°C; explodes) even though the former has a lower molecular weight than the latter.