Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

Organic Chemistry

13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds

Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

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5:25 minutes

Problem 5c

Textbook Question

Use oxidation numbers to determine which of the following are redox reactions.
(c)

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the oxidation numbers of each element in the reactants and products. For example, in a compound like H2O, hydrogen typically has an oxidation number of +1 and oxygen -2.

Compare the oxidation numbers of each element in the reactants and products. A change in oxidation number indicates that a redox reaction has occurred.

Determine which element is oxidized and which is reduced. Oxidation involves an increase in oxidation number, while reduction involves a decrease.

Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents. The substance that is reduced is the oxidizing agent, and the substance that is oxidized is the reducing agent.

Conclude whether the reaction is a redox reaction based on the changes in oxidation numbers. If there is no change in oxidation numbers for any element, the reaction is not a redox reaction.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Oxidation Numbers

Oxidation numbers are a tool used in chemistry to keep track of electron transfer in chemical reactions. They are assigned to atoms based on a set of rules, reflecting the hypothetical charge an atom would have if all bonds were ionic. Understanding oxidation numbers is crucial for identifying changes in electron distribution, which is essential for determining redox reactions.

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions, short for reduction-oxidation reactions, involve the transfer of electrons between two species. In these reactions, one substance is oxidized (loses electrons) and another is reduced (gains electrons). Identifying redox reactions requires analyzing changes in oxidation numbers, as these indicate electron transfer between reactants.

Identifying Redox Reactions

To identify redox reactions, compare the oxidation numbers of elements in the reactants and products. A change in oxidation numbers indicates a redox process, where one element's oxidation number increases (oxidation) and another's decreases (reduction). This analysis helps determine if electron transfer has occurred, confirming the presence of a redox reaction.