Table of contents

1. A Review of General Chemistry5h 5m
2. Molecular Representations1h 14m
3. Acids and Bases2h 46m
4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes4h 17m
5. Chirality3h 39m
6. Thermodynamics and Kinetics1h 22m
7. Substitution Reactions1h 48m
8. Elimination Reactions2h 30m
9. Alkenes and Alkynes2h 9m
10. Addition Reactions3h 19m
11. Radical Reactions1h 58m
12. Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides and Thiols2h 42m
13. Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds2h 17m
14. Synthetic Techniques1h 26m
15. Analytical Techniques:IR, NMR, Mass Spect7h 3m
16. Conjugated Systems6h 13m
17. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy51m
18. Aromaticity2h 34m
19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond5h 1m
20. Phenols55m
21. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition4h 56m
22. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: NAS2h 51m
23. The Chemistry of Thioesters, Phophate Ester and Phosphate Anhydrides1h 10m
24. Enolate Chemistry: Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon1h 53m
25. Condensation Chemistry2h 9m
26. Amines1h 43m
27. Heterocycles2h 0m
28. Carbohydrates5h 53m
29. Amino Acids4h 20m
30. Peptides and Proteins2h 42m
31. Catalysis in Organic Reactions1h 30m
32. Lipids 2h 50m
33. The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways2h 52m
34. Nucleic Acids1h 32m
35. Transition Metals6h 14m
36. Synthetic Polymers1h 49m

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alkyl Halides

Organic Chemistry

4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Naming Alkyl Halides

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5:35 minutes

Problem 3b

Textbook Question

For each of the following compounds,
1. give the IUPAC name.
2. give the common name (if possible).
3. classify the compound as a methyl, primary, secondary, or tertiary halide.
b. (CH₃)₃CBr

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the structure of the compound (CH₃)₃CBr. This compound consists of a central carbon atom bonded to three methyl groups (CH₃) and one bromine atom (Br). The central carbon is fully substituted with four bonds.

Step 2: Determine the IUPAC name. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain and name the compound based on the parent alkane. Since the central carbon is bonded to three methyl groups and a bromine atom, the parent name is derived from the central carbon. The bromine substituent is named as 'bromo'.

Step 3: Assign the locant and name the compound. The bromine atom is directly attached to the central carbon, which is the only carbon in the structure. Therefore, the IUPAC name is derived by combining the substituent name with the parent name.

Step 4: Provide the common name. For alkyl halides, the common name is derived by naming the alkyl group (in this case, tert-butyl) followed by the halide (bromide).

Step 5: Classify the compound. The central carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms, making it a tertiary carbon. Since the bromine atom is attached to this tertiary carbon, the compound is classified as a tertiary halide.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides a set of rules to create unique names based on the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, functional groups, and substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately identifying and communicating the identity of compounds.

Common Names

Common names are informal names used in everyday language to refer to chemical compounds, often based on historical or traditional usage. Unlike IUPAC names, common names may not follow a systematic approach, making them easier to remember but less precise. Familiarity with common names can aid in recognizing compounds in literature and discussions.

Classification of Halides

Halides are classified based on the carbon atom to which the halogen is attached. Methyl halides have the halogen on a carbon with three hydrogens, primary halides on a carbon with one other carbon, secondary halides on a carbon with two other carbons, and tertiary halides on a carbon with three other carbons. This classification is important for predicting reactivity and understanding the compound's behavior in chemical reactions.