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Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions
Chapter 10, Problem 24.3a

List the causative agent, signs and symptoms, and treatment for four viral diseases of the respiratory system. Separate the diseases according to whether they infect the upper or lower respiratory system.

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Identify and list two viral diseases that primarily affect the upper respiratory system, and two that affect the lower respiratory system.
For each disease, research and note the causative viral agent responsible for the infection.
Describe the common signs and symptoms associated with each disease, focusing on how they manifest in the respiratory system.
Investigate and summarize the standard treatment options available for each disease, considering both antiviral medications and supportive care.
Organize the information into a clear format, distinguishing between diseases of the upper and lower respiratory systems, and ensuring each disease entry includes the causative agent, symptoms, and treatment.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Viral Pathogens

Viral pathogens are infectious agents composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) encased in a protein coat. They can cause a variety of diseases, including those affecting the respiratory system. Understanding the specific viruses responsible for respiratory illnesses, such as influenza or rhinovirus, is crucial for identifying their causative agents.
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Signs and Symptoms of Respiratory Viral Infections

Signs and symptoms of respiratory viral infections vary depending on whether the upper or lower respiratory tract is affected. Common symptoms include cough, sore throat, fever, and difficulty breathing. Recognizing these symptoms helps in differentiating between various viral infections and determining their severity.
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Treatment Approaches for Viral Infections

Treatment for viral respiratory infections often focuses on symptom management, as antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. Antiviral medications may be used for specific infections, such as oseltamivir for influenza. Supportive care, including hydration and rest, is also essential for recovery from these illnesses.
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