Which of the following is a beneficial activity of microorganisms?
a. Some microorganisms are used as food for humans.
b. Some microorganisms use carbon dioxide.
c. Some microorganisms provide nitrogen for plant growth.
d. Some microorganisms are used in sewage treatment processes.
e. all of the above

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key beneficial activities of microorganisms mentioned in the options.
2. Option a: Recognize that certain microorganisms, like yeast and certain algae, are consumed as food by humans.
3. Option b: Understand that some microorganisms, such as photosynthetic bacteria, utilize carbon dioxide in their metabolic processes.
4. Option c: Acknowledge that nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants, aiding in plant growth.
5. Option d: Note that microorganisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter during sewage treatment, making it a beneficial activity.

Key Concepts

Microorganisms as Food

Certain microorganisms, such as yeast and algae, are utilized in food production. Yeast is essential in baking and brewing, while algae can be processed into nutritional supplements. These microorganisms contribute to human diets by providing essential nutrients and enhancing food flavors.

Carbon Dioxide Utilization

Many microorganisms, particularly photosynthetic bacteria and algae, utilize carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis. This not only helps in the production of organic compounds but also plays a crucial role in reducing atmospheric CO2 levels, contributing to climate regulation.

Nitrogen Fixation

Some microorganisms, especially certain bacteria like Rhizobium, are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into forms that plants can absorb and utilize. This process is vital for plant growth and agriculture, as nitrogen is a key nutrient that supports the development of proteins and nucleic acids.