Complete the following equations (hint: remember that a nitrogen with three groups bound to it has a lone pair and one with four does not; see Worked Examples 16.4 and 16.5 for help):
a.

Question

Complete the following equations (hint: remember that a nitrogen with three groups bound to it has a lone pair and one with four does not; see Worked Examples 16.4 and 16.5 for help):

a.

Accepted Answer

All right. Hi, everyone. So this question is asking us to provide the missing product and write the complete reaction equation. Note Nuttin with three bonds has a lone pair while nitrogen with four bonds does not. So in this case, we can see the reaction of N propo cyclo Butan amine with HCL or hydrogen chloride. Now, because the de the depicted amine has three bonds to other atoms. The first thing I'm going to do here is showcase the lone pair on the nitrogen atom because we call it this lone pair explains why a means are weak basis whereas HCL is a strong asset. So the reaction in question here is an acid base reaction between our amine and HCL. Now because a means are basis, right, recall that they are going to go ahead and accept protons throughout the acid base reaction. And the reason they're able to do so is because of the lone pair of electrons on nitrogen. On the other hand, right, the acid is what goes ahead and donates the proton that the base therefore receives or accepts. So if our starting base is an amen, then the conjugate acid of the base is referred to as an ammonium ion because nitrogen is going to use its pair of electrons to accept a proton. Then at the end of the reaction, we end up with a nitrogen that has four bonds to other atoms. Now this if you recall results in a positive charge on nitrogen because for every proton that is gained, the charge increases by one. Now, similarly, right, our acid here HCO loses a proton by contrast. So for every proton that is lost, the charge decreases by one. So the first thing I'm going to do here is draw out the structure of my base on the right side of the arrow. And the reason I'm doing this is because the structure is not necessarily going to change drastically because nitrogen is still going to be attached to the cyclone butane ring and the propel substituent. The difference here is that in the final product of my reaction, there will no longer be a low pair of electrons on nitrogen because nitrogen is going to be bound to a second hydrogen atom due to the exchange between the base and the acid. So like we talked about previously, this is going to result in a positive charge on the nitrogen app. And additionally, HCL here, specifically chlorine is going to lose its proton resulting in the charge decreasing from zero to negative one. So in addition to the ammonium ion, we're also going to see chloride behaving as a counter ion balancing out the positive charge on nitrogen and there you have it right. This would be the missing product of the acid base reaction. An acid base reaction involves the transfer of a proton which in this case involved an amine reacting with HC. And so the amine was pronated to produce an Imodium ion. And the chlorine in HC produced a chloride anion at the end. So with that being said, our product is NPY cyclo butyl ammonium ion or excuse me, N propal cyclo beta ammonium chloride, what I should say. But with that being said, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

Complete the following equations (hint: remember that a nitrogen with three groups bound to it has a lone pair and one with four does not; see Worked Examples 16.4 and 16.5 for help):
a. <IMAGE>

Verified Solution

Key Concepts

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory

Hybridization

Lone Pairs