12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Identify the type of functional group(s) present within the following compound.

 Identify the type of functional group(s) present within the following compound. 

Draw structures for molecules that fit the following descriptions:

(a) C₃H₆O containing an aldehyde functional group

Draw structures for molecules that fit the following descriptions:

(c) C₃H₆O₂ containing a carboxylic acid functional group

Convert the following models into line drawings and identify the functional groups in each:

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For each of the following, give an example of a member compound containing 5 carbons total:

(a) Alcohol

For each of the following, give an example of a member compound containing 5 carbons total:

(d) Ether

Identify the functional groups in the following molecules:

(b) <IMAGE>

Propose structures for molecules that fit the following descriptions:

(b) An ester with the formula C₆H₁₂O₂

Propose structures for molecules that fit the following descriptions:

(c) A compound with the formula C₃H₇NOS that is both an amide and a thiol

Propose structures for molecules that fit the following descriptions:

(c) An aromatic compound that is also an ether, C₈H₁₀O

Identify the indicated functional groups in the following molecules:

b. Thienamycin, an antibiotic <IMAGE>

The line structure for pregabalin (Lyrica) is shown as follows:

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Identify carbons a–d as primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary.

Identify the functional groups in cocaine (refer to Section 12.2).

Avobenzone is a common ingredient in sunscreen. Its structural formula is shown. <IMAGE>

a. What functional groups are in avobenzone?

A compound called resveratrol is an antioxidant, found in the skin of grapes. Identify the functional groups in resveratrol. (12.1, 12.3) <IMAGE> <IMAGE>

A compound called cinnamaldehyde is found in cinnamon. Identify the functional groups in cinnamaldehyde. (12.1, 12.3) <IMAGE> <IMAGE>

Name the four functional groups circled in the following molecule:

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Amoxicillin, an antibiotic

ALLIED Health Identify all the functional groups present in the following:

(a) <IMAGE> Benzocain, active ingredient in Orajel®

ALLIED Health Identify all the functional groups present in the following:

(a) <IMAGE> Aspartame, an artificial sweetener

ALLIED Health Identify all of the functional groups in each of the following molecules:

(a) <IMAGE>

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

ALLIED Health Identify all of the functional groups in each of the following molecules:

(b) <IMAGE>

Pseudoephedrine

ALLIED Health Identify all of the functional groups in each of the following molecules:

(b) <IMAGE>

Lidocaine