15. Aldehydes and Ketones

Provide the systematic name for the following aldehyde. 

Which of the following compounds represent 2-bromo-pentanal?

Provide common name for following aldehyde.

Provide common name for given molecule.

Which of the following molecules contain aldehyde or ketone functional groups? You may want to refer to Table 15.1, Table 12.1, and Figure 15.3 to help in your identification. Copy the formulas and circle these functional groups.

a. <IMAGE> Prostaglandin E₁

b. <IMAGE> Testosterone (a male hormone)

c. <IMAGE> Vanillin (a flavoring agent)

d. C₄H₉COCH₃

e. C₄H₉CHO

Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:

An aldehyde with four carbons

Draw structures corresponding to the following names:

a.Octanal

b.Methyl phenyl ketone

c.4-Methylhexanal

d.Methyl tert-butyl ketone

Give systematic, IUPAC names for the following compounds. Redraw each in line structure format.

O

II

a. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂

O

II

b. CH₃CH₂CCH₂CH₃

CH₃ O

I II

c. CH₃CH₂CHCH₂CH

d. Dipropyl ketone

Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:

An alpha-bromoaldehyde, C₄H₇BrO

Draw structures corresponding to the following aldehyde and ketone names:

3-Methylpentanal

Draw structures corresponding to the following aldehyde and ketone names:

4-Ethyl-2-isopropylhexanal

Give systematic names for the following aldehydes and ketones:

<IMAGE>

The following names are incorrect. What is wrong with each?

2-Butanal

Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:

A 6-carbon cyclic ketone with a methyl group on the beta carbon

Give the common name for each of the following:

a. <IMAGE>

Give the common name for each of the following:

c. <IMAGE>

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following:

d. <IMAGE>

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula, if cyclic, for each of the following: (12.3)

a. 4-chlorobenzaldehyde

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula, if cyclic, for each of the following: (12.3)

b. 3-chloropropionaldehyde

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following:

d. <IMAGE>

Draw the condensed structural formulas and give the IUPAC names for all the aldehydes and ketones that have the formula C₅H₁₀O. (12.3)

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following:

b. 2,3-dichlorobutanal

Draw the condensed structural formula for the alcohol formed when each of the following is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst:

c. 3-chlorocyclopentanone

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following:

d. 3-methylpentanal

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: (12.3)

a. <IMAGE>

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: (12.3)

b. <IMAGE>

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula, if cyclic, for each of the following: (12.3)

d. 3-methylhexanal

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula, if cyclic, for each of the following: (12.3)

d. 3,5-dimethylhexanal