A compound with the formula C₅H₁₀O oxidizes t...

Question

A compound with the formula C₅H₁₀O oxidizes to give 3-pentanone. Draw the condensed structural formula and give the IUPAC name for the compound. (12.3, 12.4)

Accepted Answer

All right. Hi, everyone. So this question is asking us to consider the compound with the formula C six H 14 0 provide the condensed structural formula and the Iupac name of the compound provided that it oxidizes to give four metal to Pentel. Now, a few quick things about the condensed structural formula, recalled, condensed structural formulas showcase how the atoms in a given organic compound or any compound are connected without showing bonds between carbon and hydrogen and other bonds to hydrogen. So for example, carbon carbon bonds would be shown but the hydrogen atoms attached to a given carbon are simply grouped next to it as opposed to showing the bonds between carbon and hydrogen. So for this question, I want to first go ahead and work backwards starting with the product in this case, four methyl, two Piny. So in this case, when it comes to drawing a condensed structural formula bonds are shown in 90 degree angles. So the first thing I would do is draw out my parent chain. The phrase to Pentagon tells me that I have a five carbon chain which I will first go ahead and draw as a straight chain So here is my five carbon chain. And so the phrase to Pinon tells me that I have a car bono on position two of the parent chain. So recall it because the car bottle is inside of the parent chain. This is a ketone, hence the suffix O and E. And in addition to this, I have one other substituent, specifically the phrase for metal. This tells me that I have one methyl group or ch three attached directly to carbon four of the parent chain. So now that I've gone ahead and addressed any substituents present in the molecule. My next step is to add all hydrogen atoms on the parent chain. Recall that carbon prefers to have four bonds to stay neutral. So because carbon one, for example, has one other bond to another atom, then three hydrogens are required to make sure it has all four bonds. Carbon two already has four bonds. So I would not add any additional hydrogens. However, carbon three does have only two bonds to other atoms, which means that it would require two hydrogen atoms and carbon four having three bonds would require one hydrogen. Whereas carbon five like carbon one would require three hydrogens because there's only one bond to another atom. So now here is the structure of or metal, two po which we can then use to work backwards and find our answer. What is the compound that will oxidize to give four methyl to fentaNYL? Well, recall that a secondary alcohol can be oxidized to produce a keyt top. So when working backwards like this, the structure of the compound itself is going to remain pretty much the same. But the only difference is that instead of having a carbonel on carbon two, there will be a hydroxy group or an O group instead. So I would draw the same five carbon chain with a methyl group in the same position because that would be unaffected. But instead of having a car bal on carbon two, I have a hydroxy or O group. Now, in this case, the number of hydrogens for all other carbons except carbon too is going to stay the same. But the difference now is that carbon two has three bonds instead of four. So in my secondary alcohol, carbon two has one hydrogen. So now let's talk about the parent or the Iupac name because we still have a five carbon chain that is going to be painting. However, recall that a modifier is necessary to specify what functional group is present. So because we have an alcohol, the E in pentane gets dropped entirely or the E at the end of pentane gets dropped and replaced with ol. So that's Pinel instead. So because the parent chain is more than three carbons long or is three or more carbons long, then a position number is necessary to specify where the hydroxy group is. So because the hydroxy group is on carbon too. That is two dash Pinel. Notice how I am using dashes to separate numbers from letters. So at this point, I have to only name my remaining substituent. So because it's a CH three on position four, that is or dash methyl dash two dash Pinel using dashes to separate numbers from letters. And so my last step is to confirm that the molecular formula is the same for four methyl, two fentaNYL. I have to make sure that the formula is C six H 14 0. So in this case, I have five carbons from the parent chain as well as one more from the metal group. So that's a total of six carbons. And then if I add together the hydrogen atoms present on each atom, I would add together three one, 1213 and three considering the hydrogen atom shown in the condensed structural formula. And this does in fact give me a total of 14. So at C 614 oh because there's only one oxygen atom here from the hydroxy group. So because the molecular formula does in fact match what was mentioned in the beginning of this video. This is our final answer here is the condensed structural formula, a four metal two pentel which will be oxidized or can be oxidized to give or methyl to pino and there you have it. So with all that being said, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

A compound with the formula C₅H₁₀O oxidizes to give 3-pentanone. Draw the condensed structural formula and give the IUPAC name for the compound. (12.3, 12.4)

Key Concepts

Oxidation in Organic Chemistry

Condensed Structural Formula

IUPAC Nomenclature

Watch next