Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Molarity
Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L). To calculate molarity, you first need to determine the number of moles of the solute, which can be found by dividing the mass of the solute by its molar mass, and then divide that by the volume of the solution in liters.
Recommended video:
Normality
Normality is another measure of concentration that reflects the equivalent concentration of a solution. It is defined as the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution. For Ca(OH)₂, which can donate two hydroxide ions (OH⁻) per formula unit, the normality can be calculated by multiplying the molarity by the number of equivalents, which is determined by the number of reactive species in the solution.
Recommended video:
Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in a chemical formula. For Ca(OH)₂, the molar mass is essential for converting the mass of the compound (5.0 g) into moles, which is a critical step in determining both molarity and normality.
Recommended video: