In the experiments that deciphered the genetic code, many different synthetic mRNA sequences were tested.

What was the result of studies of synthetic mRNAs composed exclusively of cytosine?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that synthetic mRNA sequences are used to determine which amino acids are produced during protein synthesis.
2. Recognize that mRNA is composed of codons, which are sequences of three nucleotides that correspond to specific amino acids.
3. Identify that a synthetic mRNA composed exclusively of cytosine would have the sequence 'CCC...CCC'.
4. Recall that the codon 'CCC' codes for the amino acid proline.
5. Conclude that the result of using synthetic mRNA composed entirely of cytosine would be the production of a polypeptide chain consisting entirely of proline amino acids.

Key Concepts

Genetic Code

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into the sequence of amino acids in proteins. It consists of codons, which are triplets of nucleotides, each corresponding to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis. Understanding the genetic code is essential for interpreting the results of experiments involving synthetic mRNA.

Synthetic mRNA

Synthetic mRNA refers to artificially created messenger RNA molecules that can be designed to carry specific sequences of nucleotides. These sequences can be used in experiments to study how different combinations of nucleotides affect protein synthesis. In the context of the question, synthetic mRNAs composed exclusively of cytosine would provide insights into the effects of a single nucleotide on translation.

Translation and Codon Bias

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the sequence of codons in mRNA. Codon bias refers to the preference of organisms for certain codons over others, which can influence the efficiency and accuracy of protein synthesis. In the case of synthetic mRNAs made entirely of cytosine, understanding how this affects translation is crucial for predicting the outcome of such experiments.