ABO blood type is examined in a Taiwanese population, and allele frequencies are determined. In the population, f(Iᴬ)=0.30, f(Iᴮ)=0.15, and f(i)=0.55.f. Assuming Hardy–Weinberg conditions apply, what are the frequencies of genotypes, and what are the blood group frequencies in this population?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the alleles involved in the ABO blood group system: Iᴬ, Iᴮ, and i.
2. Use the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle, which states that the sum of the allele frequencies should equal 1: f(Iᴬ) + f(Iᴮ) + f(i) = 1.
3. Calculate the expected genotype frequencies using the Hardy-Weinberg formula: p² + 2pq + q² = 1, where p, q, and r are the frequencies of the alleles Iᴬ, Iᴮ, and i, respectively.
4. Determine the genotype frequencies: f(IᴬIᴬ) = (f(Iᴬ))², f(IᴮIᴮ) = (f(Iᴮ))², f(ii) = (f(i))², f(IᴬIᴮ) = 2 * f(Iᴬ) * f(Iᴮ), f(Iᴬi) = 2 * f(Iᴬ) * f(i), f(Iᴮi) = 2 * f(Iᴮ) * f(i).
5. Calculate the blood group frequencies by summing the relevant genotype frequencies: Blood group A = f(IᴬIᴬ) + f(Iᴬi), Blood group B = f(IᴮIᴮ) + f(Iᴮi), Blood group AB = f(IᴬIᴮ), Blood group O = f(ii).

Key Concepts

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

The Hardy-Weinberg Principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences. This principle provides a mathematical framework to predict the expected frequencies of genotypes based on allele frequencies, assuming no mutation, migration, selection, or genetic drift.

Allele Frequency

Allele frequency refers to how often a particular allele appears in a population compared to other alleles for the same gene. In the context of the ABO blood type, the frequencies of alleles Iᴬ, Iᴮ, and i are given, which are essential for calculating the expected genotype frequencies under Hardy-Weinberg conditions.

Genotype Frequency

Genotype frequency is the proportion of a specific genotype among all individuals in a population. For the ABO blood types, the genotype frequencies can be calculated using the allele frequencies and the Hardy-Weinberg equations, which help determine the expected distribution of blood types in the population based on the given allele frequencies.