The following segment of DNA is the template strand transcribed into mRNA:
      5'-...GACATGGAA...-3'

What is the amino acid sequence produced by translation?

Key Concepts

Transcription

Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During this process, RNA polymerase binds to the template strand of DNA and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand. In this case, the DNA template strand provided is 5'-...GACATGGAA...-3', which will be transcribed into mRNA, replacing thymine (T) with uracil (U).

Translation

Translation is the process by which the mRNA sequence is decoded to synthesize a specific polypeptide or protein. This occurs in the ribosome, where transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome according to the codon sequence on the mRNA. Each set of three nucleotides (codon) corresponds to a specific amino acid, which ultimately determines the protein's structure and function.

Genetic Code

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into the sequence of amino acids in proteins. It consists of 64 codons, with each codon representing one of the 20 amino acids or signaling the start or stop of translation. Understanding the genetic code is essential for determining the amino acid sequence from the mRNA transcribed from the DNA template.