Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.

What name is given to the object looking like a string of beads that is closest to F? 

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the components in the diagram: A is DNA, B is RNA polymerase, C is mRNA, D is ribosome, E is tRNA, F is the polypeptide chain, and G is the growing polypeptide chain.
2. Focus on the object labeled F, which is depicted as a string of beads.
3. Recognize that the string of beads represents a polypeptide chain, which is a sequence of amino acids linked together.
4. Understand that the polypeptide chain is being synthesized by the ribosome (D) as it translates the mRNA (C).
5. Conclude that the object looking like a string of beads closest to F is the polypeptide chain.

Key Concepts

Translation

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template. During translation, the ribosome reads the sequence of codons in the mRNA and assembles the corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide chain. This process is essential for gene expression and the production of proteins that perform various functions in the cell.

Ribosome

The ribosome is a complex molecular machine found within all living cells that facilitates the translation of mRNA into proteins. It consists of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins, forming two subunits that come together during protein synthesis. The ribosome moves along the mRNA strand, ensuring that the correct amino acids are added in the proper sequence to form a functional protein.

Amino Acids

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins, each with unique properties that determine the protein's structure and function. In the context of translation, amino acids are brought to the ribosome by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, which match their anticodons to the codons on the mRNA.