If two six-sided dice are rolled, what is the probability that the total number of spots showing is

4?

Key Concepts

Probability

Probability is a measure of the likelihood that a particular event will occur, expressed as a ratio of favorable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes. In the context of rolling dice, it quantifies how often a specific total can be achieved compared to all possible totals from the rolls.

Sample Space

The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment. For rolling two six-sided dice, the sample space consists of 36 outcomes, as each die has 6 faces, leading to 6 x 6 combinations of results when both are rolled.

Favorable Outcomes

Favorable outcomes refer to the specific results that satisfy the condition of the probability question. In this case, to find the probability of rolling a total of 4, we need to identify all combinations of the two dice that add up to 4, which are (1,3), (2,2), and (3,1).