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Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities
Chapter 4, Problem 76

An important reaction that takes place in a blast furnace during the production of iron is the formation of iron metal and CO2 from Fe2O3 and CO. Determine the mass of Fe2O3 required to form 910 kg of iron. Determine the amount of CO2 that forms in this process.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows us to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on balanced chemical equations. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for determining how much Fe2O3 is needed to produce a specific mass of iron and how much CO2 will be generated.
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Balanced Chemical Equation

A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. For the reaction involving Fe2O3 and CO, the balanced equation is crucial for identifying the mole ratios of reactants and products. This information is necessary to perform stoichiometric calculations to find the required mass of Fe2O3 and the amount of CO2 produced.
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Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is used to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of moles, which is essential in stoichiometric calculations. Knowing the molar masses of Fe2O3, iron, and CO2 allows for accurate calculations of the masses involved in the reaction, enabling the determination of how much Fe2O3 is needed to produce 910 kg of iron.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Aspirin can be made in the laboratory by reacting acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) with salicylic acid (C7H6O3) to form aspirin (C9H8O4) and acetic acid (C2H4O2). The balanced equation is: C4H6O3 + C7H6O3 → C9H8O4 + C2H4O2 In a laboratory synthesis, a student begins with 6.00 mL of acetic anhydride (density= 1.08 g/ mL) and 2.50 g of salicylic acid. Once the reaction is complete, the student collects 1.82 g of aspirin. Determine the limiting reactant, theoretical yield of aspirin, and percent yield forthe reaction.

Textbook Question

The combustion of liquid ethanol (C2H5OH) produces carbon dioxide and water. After 4.62 mL of ethanol (density = 0.789 g/mL) is allowed to burn in the presence of 15.55 g of oxygen gas, 3.72 mL of water (density = 1.00 g/mL) is collected. Determine the percent yield for the reaction. (Hint: Write a balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol.)

Textbook Question

The reaction of NH3 and O2 forms NO and water. The NO can be used to convert P4 to P4O6, forming N2 in the process. The P4O6 can be treated with water to form H3PO3, which forms PH3 and H3PO4 when heated. Find the mass of PH3 that forms from the reaction of 1.00 g of NH3.

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Textbook Question

A liquid fuel mixture contains 30.35% hexane (C6H14), 15.85% heptane (C7H16), and the rest octane (C8H18). What maximum mass of carbon dioxide is produced by the complete combustion of 10.0 kg of this fuel mixture?

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Textbook Question

Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found mixed with sand. The ilmenite can be separated from the sand with magnets. The titanium can then be extracted from the ilmenite by the following set of reactions: FeTiO3(s) + 3 Cl2(g) + 3 C(s) → 3 CO(g) + FeCl2(s) + TiCl4(g) TiCl4(g) + 2 Mg(s) → 2 MgCl2(l) + Ti(s) Suppose that an ilmenite–sand mixture contains 22.8% ilmenite by mass and that the first reaction is carried out with a 90.8% yield. If the second reaction is carried out with an 85.9% yield, what mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.00 kg of the ilmenite– sand mixture?

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