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Ch.17 - Acids and Bases
Chapter 17, Problem 53a

Calculate [H3O+] and [OH] for each solution at 25 °C. a. pH = 8.55

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

pH Scale

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, while values below 7 indicate acidity and values above 7 indicate basicity. The pH is logarithmically related to the concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+], in the solution, where lower pH values correspond to higher [H+] concentrations.
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Hydronium Ion Concentration

The concentration of hydronium ions, [H3O+], in a solution can be calculated from the pH using the formula [H3O+] = 10^(-pH). This relationship shows that as pH increases, the concentration of hydronium ions decreases, indicating a more basic solution. For a pH of 8.55, this calculation is essential to determine the exact concentration of hydronium ions present.
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Water Ion Product

At 25 °C, the product of the concentrations of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions, [H3O+][OH-], is constant and equal to 1.0 x 10^-14, known as the water ion product (Kw). This relationship allows for the calculation of hydroxide ion concentration, [OH-], using the formula [OH-] = Kw / [H3O+]. Understanding this concept is crucial for determining the balance between hydronium and hydroxide ions in a solution.
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