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Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics
Chapter 15, Problem 92

Consider the reaction: 2 O3(g) → 3 O2( g) The rate law for this reaction is: Rate = k [O3]2 [O2] Suppose that a 1.0-L reaction vessel initially contains 1.0 mol of O3 and 1.0 mol of O2. What fraction of the O3 will have reacted when the rate falls to one-half of its initial value?

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Rate Law

The rate law expresses the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of its reactants. It is typically formulated as Rate = k [A]^m [B]^n, where k is the rate constant, and m and n are the orders of the reaction with respect to reactants A and B. Understanding the rate law is crucial for predicting how changes in concentration affect the reaction rate.
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Reaction Order

The reaction order is the sum of the exponents in the rate law and indicates how the rate of reaction depends on the concentration of reactants. In the given reaction, the order with respect to O<sub>3</sub> is 2, meaning that the rate is proportional to the square of its concentration. This concept helps in determining how the concentration of reactants influences the speed of the reaction.
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Half-life of a Reaction

The half-life of a reaction is the time required for the concentration of a reactant to decrease to half of its initial value. For reactions of different orders, the half-life can vary significantly. In this context, understanding how the rate changes as the concentration of O<sub>3</sub> decreases is essential for calculating the fraction that has reacted when the rate falls to half its initial value.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

The tabulated data were collected for this reaction at 500 °C: CH3CN(g) → CH3NC( g) b. What is the half-life for this reaction (at the initial concentration)?

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Textbook Question

The tabulated data were collected for this reaction at a certain temperature: X2Y → 2 X + Y a. Determine the order of the reaction and the value of the rate constant at this temperature.

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Textbook Question

The tabulated data were collected for this reaction at a certain temperature: X2Y → 2 X + Y c. What is the concentration of X after 10.0 hours?

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Textbook Question

Dinitrogen pentoxide decomposes in the gas phase to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas. The reaction is first order in dinitrogen pentoxide and has a half-life of 2.81 h at 25 °C. If a 1.5-L reaction vessel initially contains 745 torr of N2O5 at 25 °C, what partial pressure of O2 is present in the vessel after 215 minutes?

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Textbook Question

Iodine atoms combine to form I2 in liquid hexane solvent with a rate constant of 1.5⨉1010 L/mols. The reaction is second order in I. Since the reaction occurs so quickly, the only way to study the reaction is to create iodine atoms almost instantaneously, usually by photochemical decomposition of I2. Suppose a flash of light creates an initial [I] concentration of 0.0100 M. How long will it take for 95% of the newly created iodine atoms to recombine to form I2?

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Textbook Question

Consider this energy diagram:

a. How many elementary steps are involved in this reaction?

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