Consider a 1.0-L sample of helium gas and a 1.0-L sample of argon gas, both at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. a. Do the atoms in the helium sample have the same average kinetic energy as the atoms in the argon sample?
Ch.6 - Gases
Chapter 6, Problem 83a
Calculate the root mean square velocity of F2, Cl2, and Br2 at 298 K.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Root Mean Square Velocity (rms velocity)
Root mean square velocity is a measure of the average speed of particles in a gas. It is calculated using the formula v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), where R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and M is the molar mass of the gas in kg/mol. This concept is crucial for understanding the kinetic theory of gases, which relates temperature to molecular motion.
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Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). For diatomic molecules like F2, Cl2, and Br2, the molar mass is calculated by summing the atomic masses of the constituent atoms. Knowing the molar mass is essential for calculating the rms velocity, as it directly influences the speed of gas particles at a given temperature.
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Kinetic Theory of Gases
The kinetic theory of gases describes the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion. It explains how temperature, pressure, and volume relate to the motion and energy of gas molecules. This theory underpins the derivation of the rms velocity formula and helps predict how different gases will behave under similar conditions, such as temperature.
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Related Practice
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Calculate the kinetic energy of F2, Cl2, and Br2 at 298 K.
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