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Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium
Chapter 16, Problem 71b

Coal, which is primarily carbon, can be converted to natural gas, primarily CH4, by the exothermic reaction: C(s) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH4(g) Which disturbance will favor CH4 at equilibrium?
a. adding more C to the reaction mixture b. adding more H2 to the reaction mixture d. lowering the volume of the reaction mixture f. adding neon gas to the reaction mixture

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Le Chatelier's Principle

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change. This principle helps predict how a system at equilibrium will respond to changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature, allowing us to determine which direction the reaction will favor.
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Equilibrium Constant (K)

The equilibrium constant (K) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a given reaction at a specific temperature. For the reaction C(s) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH4(g), K can be calculated using the concentrations of CH4 and H2, providing insight into the extent of the reaction and the favorability of products versus reactants.
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Exothermic Reactions

Exothermic reactions are chemical reactions that release energy, usually in the form of heat, to the surroundings. In the context of the given reaction, the conversion of carbon and hydrogen to methane (CH4) is exothermic, meaning that increasing the concentration of reactants like H2 can shift the equilibrium towards the production of more CH4, thereby favoring the formation of the product.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Each reaction is allowed to come to equilibrium, and then the volume is changed as indicated. Predict the effect (shift right, shift left, or no effect) of the indicated volume change. b. PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ PCl5(g) (volume is increased)

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Textbook Question

Each reaction is allowed to come to equilibrium, and then the volume is changed as indicated. Predict the effect (shift right, shift left, or no effect) of the indicated volume change. c. CaCO3(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO2(g) (volume is increased)

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Textbook Question

This reaction is endothermic. C(s) + CO2(g) ⇌ 2 CO(g) Predict the effect (shift right, shift left, or no effect) of increasing and decreasing the reaction temperature. How does the value of the equilibrium constant depend on temperature?

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Textbook Question

Coal, which is primarily carbon, can be converted to natural gas, primarily CH4, by the exothermic reaction: C(s) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH4(g) Which disturbance will favor CH4 at equilibrium? c. raising the temperature of the reaction mixture

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Textbook Question

Coal, which is primarily carbon, can be converted to natural gas, primarily CH4, by the exothermic reaction: C(s) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH4(g) Which disturbance will favor CH4 at equilibrium? e. adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture

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Textbook Question

Coal can be used to generate hydrogen gas (a potential fuel) by the endothermic reaction: C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g) If this reaction mixture is at equilibrium, predict whether each disturbance will result in the formation of additional hydrogen gas, the formation of less hydrogen gas, or have no effect on the quantity of hydrogen gas. e. adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture

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