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Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium
Chapter 16, Problem 73

Carbon monoxide replaces oxygen in oxygenated hemoglobin according to the reaction: HbO2(aq) + CO(aq) ⇌ HbCO(aq) + O2(aq) a. Use the reactions and associated equilibrium constants at body temperature given here to find the equilibrium constant for the reaction just shown. Hb(aq) + O2(aq) ⇌ HbO2(aq) Kc = 1.8 Hb(aq) + CO(aq) ⇌ HbCO(aq) Kc = 306

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Equilibrium Constant (Kc)

The equilibrium constant (Kc) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a given chemical reaction. It provides insight into the extent to which a reaction proceeds before reaching equilibrium. A larger Kc indicates a greater concentration of products compared to reactants, while a smaller Kc suggests the opposite.
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Le Chatelier's Principle

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the system will adjust itself to counteract the change and restore a new equilibrium. This principle is crucial for understanding how changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction.
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Reaction Stoichiometry

Reaction stoichiometry involves the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction, as described by the balanced chemical equation. It is essential for calculating the equilibrium constant and understanding how changes in the concentration of one species affect the others in the reaction, particularly in complex equilibria involving multiple reactions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Coal, which is primarily carbon, can be converted to natural gas, primarily CH4, by the exothermic reaction: C(s) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH4(g) Which disturbance will favor CH4 at equilibrium? c. raising the temperature of the reaction mixture

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Textbook Question

Coal, which is primarily carbon, can be converted to natural gas, primarily CH4, by the exothermic reaction: C(s) + 2 H2(g) ⇌ CH4(g) Which disturbance will favor CH4 at equilibrium? e. adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture

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Textbook Question

Coal can be used to generate hydrogen gas (a potential fuel) by the endothermic reaction: C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g) If this reaction mixture is at equilibrium, predict whether each disturbance will result in the formation of additional hydrogen gas, the formation of less hydrogen gas, or have no effect on the quantity of hydrogen gas. e. adding a catalyst to the reaction mixture

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Textbook Question

At 650 K, the reaction MgCO3(s) ⇌ MgO(s) + CO2(g) has Kp = 0.026. A 10.0-L container at 650 K has 1.0 g of MgO(s) and CO2 at P = 0.0260 atm. The container is then compressed to a volume of 0.100 L. Find the mass of MgCO3 that is formed.

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Textbook Question

Consider the exothermic reaction: C2H4(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ C2H4Cl2(g) If you were trying to maximize the amount of C2H4Cl2 produced, which tactic might you try? Assume that the reaction mixture reaches equilibrium. a. increasing the reaction volume b. removing C2H4Cl2 from the reaction mixture as it forms c. lowering the reaction temperature d. adding Cl2

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Textbook Question

Consider the endothermic reaction: C2H4(g) + I2(g) ⇌ C2H4I2(g) If you were trying to maximize the amount of C2H4I2 produced, which tactic might you try? Assume that the reaction mixture reaches equilibrium. a. decreasing the reaction volume b. removing I2 from the reaction mixture c. raising the reaction temperature d. adding C2H4 to the reaction mixture

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