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Ch.5 - Gases
Chapter 5, Problem 105

Ammonium carbonate decomposes upon heating according to the balanced equation: (NH4)2CO3(s) → 2 NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g) Calculate the total volume of gas produced at 22 °C and 1.02 atm by the complete decomposition of 11.83 g of ammonium carbonate.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. It allows us to determine the amount of substances consumed and produced in a reaction. In this case, it helps to find out how many moles of gas are generated from the decomposition of ammonium carbonate.
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Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. This law is essential for calculating the volume of gases produced in a reaction under specific conditions. In this problem, it will be used to find the total volume of gas produced from the moles calculated from stoichiometry.
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Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is crucial for converting between grams of a substance and moles, which is necessary for stoichiometric calculations. For ammonium carbonate, knowing its molar mass allows us to determine how many moles are present in the given mass, facilitating further calculations.
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Related Practice
Open Question
When hydrochloric acid is poured over potassium sulfide, 42.9 mL of hydrogen sulfide gas is produced at a pressure of 752 torr and 25.8 °C. Write an equation for the gas-evolution reaction. Determine how much potassium sulfide (in grams) reacted.
Textbook Question

Consider the reaction:

2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g)

a. If 285.5 mL of SO2 reacts with 158.9 mL of O2 (both measured at 315 K and 50.0 mmHg), what is the limiting reactant and the theoretical yield of SO3?

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Textbook Question

Consider the reaction:

2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g)

b. If 187.2 mL of SO3 is collected (measured at 315 K and 50.0 mmHg), what is the percent yield for the reaction?

Textbook Question

Ammonium nitrate decomposes explosively upon heating according to the balanced equation: 2 NH4NO3(s)¡2 N2( g) + O2( g) + 4 H2O( g) Calculate the total volume of gas (at 125 °C and 748 mmHg) produced by the complete decomposition of 1.55 kg of ammonium nitrate.

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Textbook Question

Olympic cyclists fill their tires with helium to make them lighter. Calculate the mass of air in an air-filled tire and the mass of helium in a helium-filled tire. Assume that the volume of the tire is 855 mL, that it is filled to a total pressure of 125 psi, and that the temperature is 25 °C. Also, assume an average molar mass for air of 28.8 g/mol. Calculate the mass of air in an air-filled tire.

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Textbook Question

Olympic cyclists fill their tires with helium to make them lighter. Calculate the mass of air in an air-filled tire and the mass of helium in a helium-filled tire. Assume that the volume of the tire is 855 mL, that it is filled to a total pressure of 125 psi, and that the temperature is 25 °C. Also, assume an average molar mass for air of 28.8 g/mol. Calculate the mass of helium in a helium-filled tire.

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