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Ch. 18 - Free Energy and Thermodynamics

Chapter 18, Problem 91a

Living organisms use energy from the metabolism of food to create an energy-rich molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP acts as an energy source for a variety of reactions that the living organism must carry out to survive. ATP provides energy through its hydrolysis, which can be symbolized as follows: ATP(aq) + H2O(l) → ADP(aq) + Pi(aq) ΔGrxn ° = -30.5 kJ where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate and Pi represents an inorganic phosphate group (such as HPO42-). a. Calculate the equilibrium constant, K, for the given reaction at 298 K.

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Hi everyone here we have a question asking us at 298 kelvin, what is the equilibrium constant K. And our reaction is zinc, sulfide solid plus oxygen. Gasses form zinc solid plus sulfate gashes. And our free energy of the reaction equals negative 101.8 kg per mole. So our free energy of the reaction equals R. Gas constant R negative gas constant times our temperature times the natural log of K. So okay equals E. To the negative free energy divided by our gas constant times our temperature. So E to the negative -101 .8 Killed Jules, Divided by 8.314 jules per mole times kelvin Times 298 Kelvin, And that equals 6.99, 1 Times 10 to the 17th. And that is our final answer. Thank you for watching. Bye.
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Textbook Question

Consider this reaction occurring at 298 K: BaCO3(s) ⇌ BaO(s) + CO2( g) a. Show that the reaction is not spontaneous under standard conditions by calculating ΔGrxn ° .

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Textbook Question

Consider this reaction occurring at 298 K: BaCO3(s) ⇌ BaO(s) + CO2( g) b. If BaCO3 is placed in an evacuated flask, what is the partial pressure of CO2 when the reaction reaches equilibrium?

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Textbook Question

Consider this reaction occurring at 298 K: BaCO3(s) ⇌ BaO(s) + CO2(g) c. Can the reaction be made more spontaneous by an increase or decrease in temperature? If so, at what temperature is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide 1.0 atm?

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Textbook Question

Living organisms use energy from the metabolism of food to create an energy-rich molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP acts as an energy source for a variety of reactions that the living organism must carry out to survive. ATP provides energy through its hydrolysis, which can be symbolized as follows: ATP(aq) + H2O(l) → ADP(aq) + Pi(aq) ΔGrxn ° = -30.5 kJ where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate and Pi represents an inorganic phosphate group (such as HPO42-). b. The free energy obtained from the oxidation (reaction with oxygen) of glucose (C6H12O6) to form carbon dioxide and water can be used to re-form ATP by driving the given reaction in reverse. Calculate the standard free energy change for the oxidation of glucose and estimate the maximum number of moles of ATP that can be formed by the oxidation of one mole of glucose.

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Textbook Question

These reactions are important in catalytic converters in automobiles. Calculate ΔG° for each at 298 K. Predict the effect of increasing temperature on the magnitude of ΔG°. b. 5 H2( g) + 2 NO( g) → 2 NH3( g) + 2 H2O( g)

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Textbook Question

Calculate ΔG° at 298 K for these reactions and predict the effect on ΔG° of lowering the temperature. b. CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2( g)

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