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Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving
Chapter 1, Problem 36

Can you devise a hypothesis to explain why most distant galaxies are moving away from each other, and why the more distant galaxies are moving away more rapidly?

Verified step by step guidance
1
<insert step 1: Understand the context of the problem, which is related to the expansion of the universe and the observation of distant galaxies.>
<insert step 2: Recall the concept of redshift, which is the phenomenon where light from distant galaxies is shifted towards the red end of the spectrum, indicating they are moving away from us.>
<insert step 3: Consider Hubble's Law, which states that the velocity at which a galaxy is moving away is proportional to its distance from us. This can be expressed as v = H_0 * d, where v is the velocity, H_0 is the Hubble constant, and d is the distance.>
<insert step 4: Formulate a hypothesis based on the observation that the universe is expanding, which suggests that space itself is stretching, causing galaxies to move away from each other.>
<insert step 5: Conclude that the more distant galaxies appear to move away more rapidly because they are further along in the expanding universe, thus experiencing a greater effect of this expansion.>
Related Practice
Textbook Question

Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory. a. All matter is made of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms. b. When iron rusts in a closed container, the mass of the container and its contents does not change. c. In chemical reactions, matter is neither created nor destroyed. d. When a match burns, heat is released

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Textbook Question

Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory. a. Chlorine is a highly reactive gas. b. If elements are listed in order of increasing mass of their atoms, their chemical reactivities follow a repeating pattern. c. Neon is an inert (or nonreactive) gas. d. The reactivity of elements depends on the arrangement of their electrons.

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Open Question
A chemist decomposes several samples of carbon monoxide into carbon and oxygen and weighs the resultant elements. The results are shown in the table. Do you notice a pattern in these results? Next, the chemist decomposes several samples of hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and oxygen. The results are shown in the table. Do you notice a similarity between these results and those for carbon monoxide? Can you formulate a law from your observations? Can you formulate a hypothesis that might explain your law?
Textbook Question

Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, classify it as an element or a compound. If it is a mixture, classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous. a. sweat b. carbon dioxide c. aluminum d. vegetable soup

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Textbook Question

Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is a pure substance, classify it as an element or a compound. If it is a mixture, classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous. a. wine b. beef stew c. iron d. carbon monoxide

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Open Question
Complete the table. SUBSTANCE, PURE OR MIXTURE, TYPE aluminum, pure, element apple juice, ___, ___ hydrogen peroxide, ___, ___ chicken soup, ___, ___