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Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures

Chapter 7, Problem 92

Some mothballs used when storing clothes are made of naphthalene (C10H8), which has the following incomplete structure.

(a) Add double bonds where needed to draw a complete electron-dot structure.

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So everyone's in this video, we're given this incomplete structure. We need to go ahead and add the appropriate double bond student um to complete the lewis dot structure. So here we're dealing with hydrogen, carbon and oxygen atoms. So oxygen prefers to have two bonds and two lone pairs to fulfill its octet. The only oxygen atom here in this molecule is this one on top here because it does have two lone pairs. We just need to go ahead and add a pi bond to fulfill its octet. Now, carbon likes to have four bonds. We can see here that we only have three bonds for now. So we need to add a additional bond to go ahead and fulfill its octet. So how we can do this in a ring form is by adding alternating double bonds. So for carbon ring on the left side here we go ahead and add one here and then like I said, we'll go ahead and add alternating double bonds. So skip the next angle here, then add one gear and hear the same thing for the ring on the right side. We'll have one here here and here. Now. We see that all the carbon has its four different bonds as well as our oxygen having two bonds for hydrogen. It needs to fulfill a duet rules of the octet rule, which means that it only needs two valence electrons to be happy because it only needs two electrons, it has to be terminal and we see that all hydrants do have a bond. So those don't need any double bonds. So this is going to be our complete lewis dot structure for our molecule of benzene in.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
The estimated lattice energy for CsF21s2 is +2347 kJ/mol. Use the data given in Problem 6.86 to calculate an overall energy change in kilojoules per mole for the formation of CsF21s2 from its elements. Does the overall reaction absorb energy or release it? In light of your answer to Problem 6.86, which compound is more likely to form in the reaction of cesium with fluorine, CsF or CsF2?

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Textbook Question
Benzene has the following structural formula.

(b) Which statement best describes the carbon–carbon bonds in benzene? (i) Three carbon–carbon bonds are longer and weaker than the other three carbon–carbon bonds. (ii) All six carbon–carbon bonds are identical, and their length and strength are between a double and single bond. (iii) The length of carbon–carbon double bond switches back and forth between the length of a double and a single bond.
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Textbook Question
Draw three resonance structures for sulfur tetroxide, SO4, whose connections are shown below. (This is a neutral mol-ecule; it is not a sulfate ion.) Assign formal charges to the atoms in each structure.
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Textbook Question
Four different structures (a), (b), (c), and (d) can be drawn for compounds named dibromobenzene, but only three different compounds actually exist. Explain. (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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Textbook Question
Use the following information plus the data given in Tables 6.2 and 6.3 to calculate the second electron affinity, Eea2, of oxygen. Is the O2-ion stable in the gas phase? Why is it stable in solid MgO? Heat of sublimation for Mg1s2 = +147.7 kJ/mol Bond dissociation energy for O21g2 = +498.4 kJ/mol Eea1 for O1g2 = -141.0 kJ/mol Net energy change for formation of MgO(s) from its elements = -601.7 kJ/mol
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Textbook Question

Assign formal charges to the atoms in the following structures. Which of the two do you think is the more important contributor to the resonance hybrid?(a)(b)

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