Draw as many resonance structures as you can for the following nitrogen-containing compounds. Not all will obey the octet rule. Use curved arrows to depict the conversion of one structure into another. (d) N₂O₃(ONNO₂)

Key Concepts

Resonance Structures

Resonance structures are different ways of drawing the same molecule that illustrate the delocalization of electrons. They are used to represent molecules where a single Lewis structure cannot adequately depict the electron distribution. Each resonance structure contributes to the overall hybrid structure, which is a more accurate representation of the molecule's actual electron configuration.

Octet Rule

The octet rule is a chemical guideline stating that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they each have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases. While many elements follow this rule, some, particularly transition metals and heavier elements, can have expanded octets or may not complete their octet, leading to exceptions in resonance structures.

Curved Arrows in Resonance

Curved arrows are a notation used in organic chemistry to show the movement of electrons during the formation of resonance structures. The tail of the arrow indicates the starting point of the electron pair, while the head points to where the electrons are moving. This visual representation helps in understanding how different resonance forms are interrelated and how electron delocalization occurs within a molecule.