Each of the following pairs of elements will react to form a binary ionic compound. Write the formula of each compound formed, and give its name. (c) Lithium and nitrogen

Key Concepts

Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed when atoms transfer electrons, resulting in the formation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. These oppositely charged ions attract each other, creating a stable compound. The properties of ionic compounds include high melting and boiling points, and they typically conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

Valence Electrons

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are crucial in determining how an element will react chemically. In the case of lithium (Li), it has one valence electron, while nitrogen (N) has five. The transfer of lithium's valence electron to nitrogen allows nitrogen to achieve a stable octet, leading to the formation of an ionic bond.

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is the system of naming chemical compounds based on their composition and structure. For binary ionic compounds, the name typically consists of the cation's name followed by the anion's name with an '-ide' suffix. In this case, lithium forms the cation Li⁺ and nitrogen forms the anion N³⁻, resulting in the compound lithium nitride (Li₃N).