Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows us to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on balanced chemical equations. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for determining how much oxygen is needed to react with a given mass of magnesium and how much magnesium oxide will be produced.
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Molar Mass
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is crucial for converting between the mass of a substance and the number of moles, which is necessary for stoichiometric calculations. For magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O2), knowing their molar masses allows us to determine how many grams of each are involved in the reaction.
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Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. For the reaction of magnesium with oxygen, the balanced equation is 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO. This equation is fundamental for stoichiometric calculations, as it provides the mole ratios needed to determine the amounts of reactants and products involved in the reaction.
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Balancing Chemical Equations