The graph shows how potential energy changes as a function of the distance between two atoms. (LO 7.2)
What is the length of the bond between the two atoms? (a) 3.4 angstroms (b) 3.8 angstroms (c) 6.0 angstroms (d) 8.0 angstroms

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Identify the point on the graph where the potential energy is at its minimum. This point represents the equilibrium bond length between the two atoms.

Observe the x-axis value at this minimum point. This value corresponds to the distance between the two atoms at which the bond is most stable.

Compare the observed x-axis value with the given options: (a) 3.4 angstroms, (b) 3.8 angstroms, (c) 6.0 angstroms, (d) 8.0 angstroms.

Select the option that matches the x-axis value at the minimum potential energy point.

Verify your selection by ensuring it aligns with the graph's data and the concept of bond length at minimum potential energy.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Potential Energy Curve

A potential energy curve illustrates how the potential energy of a system changes with the distance between two atoms. The curve typically shows a minimum point, which corresponds to the bond length where the attractive and repulsive forces are balanced, resulting in a stable bond. Understanding this curve is essential for determining the bond length and the stability of the molecular interaction.

Bond Length

Bond length is defined as the distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms at which the potential energy is minimized. It is a critical parameter in chemistry as it influences the strength and characteristics of the bond. In the context of the potential energy curve, the bond length corresponds to the point where the potential energy reaches its lowest value, indicating a stable configuration.

Units of Measurement

In chemistry, bond lengths are often measured in angstroms (Å), where 1 Å equals 10^-10 meters. This unit is particularly useful for expressing atomic and molecular dimensions. Understanding the conversion and significance of these units is crucial for accurately interpreting data from graphs and making comparisons between different molecular structures.