What noble-gas configurations and charges are the following elements likely to attain in reactions in which they form ions? (a) I (b) O (c) Al (d) Ca

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the position of each element in the periodic table to determine how many electrons they need to gain or lose to achieve a noble-gas configuration.
2. For iodine (I), which is in Group 17, determine how many electrons it needs to gain to achieve the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas, xenon (Xe).
3. For oxygen (O), which is in Group 16, determine how many electrons it needs to gain to achieve the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas, neon (Ne).
4. For aluminum (Al), which is in Group 13, determine how many electrons it needs to lose to achieve the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas, neon (Ne).
5. For calcium (Ca), which is in Group 2, determine how many electrons it needs to lose to achieve the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas, argon (Ar).