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Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
All textbooksMcMurry 8th EditionCh.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical ReactionsProblem 119
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Chapter 3, Problem 119

A mixture of XCl3 and XCl5 weighing 10.00 g contains 81.04% Cl by mass. How many grams of XCl3 and how many grams of XCl5 are present in the mixture?

Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Define variables for the masses of XCl3 and XCl5 in the mixture. Let m1 be the mass of XCl3 and m2 be the mass of XCl5.
Step 2: Set up the equation for the total mass of the mixture: m1 + m2 = 10.00 g.
Step 3: Calculate the mass percentage of Cl in each compound. For XCl3, the mass percentage of Cl is (3 * M_Cl) / (M_X + 3 * M_Cl) * 100%, and for XCl5, it is (5 * M_Cl) / (M_X + 5 * M_Cl) * 100%, where M_Cl is the molar mass of Cl and M_X is the molar mass of X.
Step 4: Set up the equation for the total mass of Cl in the mixture using the given percentage: 0.8104 * 10.00 g = (mass percentage of Cl in XCl3 * m1) + (mass percentage of Cl in XCl5 * m2).
Step 5: Solve the system of equations from Step 2 and Step 4 to find the values of m1 and m2, which represent the masses of XCl3 and XCl5, respectively.
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Textbook Question

A copper wire having a mass of 2.196 g was allowed to react with an excess of sulfur. The excess sulfur was then burned, yielding SO2 gas. The mass of the copper sulfide produced was 2.748 g. (a) What is the percent composition of copper sulfide?

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Textbook Question

A copper wire having a mass of 2.196 g was allowed to react with an excess of sulfur. The excess sulfur was then burned, yielding SO2 gas. The mass of the copper sulfide produced was 2.748 g. (b) What is its empirical formula?

550
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Textbook Question
Element X, a member of group 5A, forms two chlorides, XCl3 and XCl5. Reaction of an excess of Cl2 with 8.729 g of XCl3 yields 13.233 g of XCl5. What is the atomic weight and the identity of the element X?
628
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Textbook Question

Ammonium nitrate, a potential ingredient of terrorist bombs, can be made nonexplosive by addition of diammo-nium hydrogen phosphate, (NH4)2HPO4. Analysis of such a NH4NO3 - (NH4)2HPO4 mixture showed the mass percent of nitrogen to be 30.43%. What is the mass ratio of the two components in the mixture?

720
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Textbook Question
Window glass is typically made by mixing soda ash (Na2CO3), limestone (CaCO3), and silica sand (SiO2) and then heating to 1500 °C to drive off CO2 from the (Na2CO3) and CaCO3. The resultant glass consists of about 12% Na2O by mass, 13% CaO by mass, and 75% SiO2 by mass. How much of each reactant would you start with to prepare 0.35 kg of glass?
1562
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Textbook Question
An unidentified metal M reacts with an unidentified halogen X to form a compound MX2. When heated, the compound decomposes by the reaction: When 1.12 g of MX2 is heated, 0.720 g of MX is obtained, along with 56.0 mL of X2 gas. Under the conditions used, 1.00 mol of the gas has a volume of 22.41 L. (a) What is the atomic weight and identity of the halogen X?
516
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