Select the group 4A element that best fits each of the following descriptions.
(c) Is the second most abundant element in the human body

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the elements in group 4A of the periodic table. These elements are carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb).
2. Consider the abundance of these elements in the human body. The most abundant element in the human body is oxygen, followed by carbon.
3. Recall that carbon is a group 4A element and is known for being a major component of organic molecules, which are prevalent in the human body.
4. Recognize that silicon, although abundant in the Earth's crust, is not as prevalent in the human body as carbon.
5. Conclude that the second most abundant element in the human body from group 4A is carbon.

Key Concepts

Group 4A Elements

Group 4A of the periodic table includes elements such as carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb). These elements are characterized by having four valence electrons, which allows them to form various covalent bonds. Understanding the properties and common uses of these elements is essential for identifying their roles in biological systems and other applications.

Abundance of Elements in the Human Body

The human body is composed of several key elements, with oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus being the most abundant. Among these, carbon is the second most abundant element, playing a crucial role in the structure of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Recognizing the significance of these elements helps in understanding their biological functions and interactions.

Biological Importance of Carbon

Carbon is fundamental to life due to its ability to form stable bonds with many elements, including itself, leading to a vast array of organic compounds. It serves as the backbone for macromolecules essential for life, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. Its versatility in forming different structures and compounds is why it is often referred to as the 'building block of life,' making it critical for biological processes.