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Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties
All textbooksMcMurry 8th EditionCh.13 - Solutions & Their PropertiesProblem 37
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Chapter 13, Problem 37

Why do ionic substances with higher lattice energies tend to be less soluble in water than substances with lower lattice energies?

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Step 1: Understand the concept of lattice energy. Lattice energy is the energy required to separate one mole of an ionic solid into its gaseous ions. It is a measure of the strength of the forces holding the ions together in the solid.
Step 2: Recognize the relationship between lattice energy and solubility. Solubility of an ionic compound in water depends on the balance between lattice energy and the hydration energy (the energy released when ions interact with water molecules).
Step 3: Analyze the effect of high lattice energy. When an ionic compound has a high lattice energy, it means that a large amount of energy is required to break the ionic bonds in the solid. This makes it more difficult for the compound to dissolve in water.
Step 4: Consider the role of hydration energy. For an ionic compound to dissolve, the hydration energy must be sufficient to overcome the lattice energy. If the lattice energy is much higher than the hydration energy, the compound will be less soluble.
Step 5: Conclude the relationship. Ionic substances with higher lattice energies tend to be less soluble in water because the energy required to break the ionic bonds is not sufficiently compensated by the energy released during hydration, making dissolution energetically unfavorable.
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Textbook Question
Two beakers, one with pure water (blue) and the other with a solution of NaCl in water (green), are placed in a closed container as represented by drawing (a). Which of the draw- ings (b)–(d) represents what the beakers will look like after a substantial amount of time has passed?

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