Write balanced nuclear equations for the following transformations: (a) bismuth-213 undergoes alpha decay.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of decay mentioned in the problem. In this case, it is alpha decay, which involves the emission of an alpha particle from the nucleus.
2. Understand that an alpha particle consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, which can be represented as \\(^4_2He).
3. Write the initial element with its mass number and atomic number. For bismuth-213, it is \\(^{213}_{83}Bi).
4. Set up the nuclear equation showing the initial element on the left side, and the alpha particle plus the new element formed on the right side. The new element can be found by subtracting the atomic number and mass number of the alpha particle from those of the initial element.
5. Balance the equation by ensuring the sum of mass numbers and the sum of atomic numbers are equal on both sides of the equation.

Key Concepts

Alpha Decay

Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. This process reduces the atomic number of the original element by two and the mass number by four, resulting in the formation of a new element. Understanding alpha decay is crucial for writing balanced nuclear equations, as it directly affects the identity and properties of the resulting nuclide.

Nuclear Equations

Nuclear equations represent the transformation of one element into another during radioactive decay or nuclear reactions. They must be balanced in terms of both mass number and atomic number, ensuring that the total number of nucleons and charge is conserved. Writing balanced nuclear equations is essential for accurately depicting the changes that occur during processes like alpha decay.

Isotopes

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers. In the context of nuclear decay, isotopes play a significant role as they determine the stability of the nucleus and its propensity to undergo decay. Recognizing the specific isotope involved, such as bismuth-213, is vital for correctly formulating the nuclear equation for its decay process.