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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 113b

The arsenic in a 1.22-g sample of a pesticide was converted to AsO43- by suitable chemical treatment. It was then titrated using Ag+ to form Ag3AsO4 as a precipitate. (b) Name Ag3AsO4 by analogy to the corresponding compound containing phosphorus in place of arsenic.

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Step 1: Identify the corresponding compound containing phosphorus in place of arsenic. In this case, the phosphorus compound would be Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>.
Step 2: Determine the name of the phosphorus compound. Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> is known as silver phosphate.
Step 3: Use the name of the phosphorus compound as a guide to name the arsenic compound. Replace 'phosphate' with 'arsenate' in the name of the phosphorus compound.
Step 4: The name of Ag<sub>3</sub>AsO<sub>4</sub> is therefore silver arsenate.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds

Inorganic nomenclature involves naming compounds based on their chemical composition and structure. For example, the naming of metal salts often follows the pattern of naming the cation first followed by the anion. In this case, Ag<sub>3</sub>AsO<sub>4</sub> can be named by drawing an analogy to similar compounds, such as those containing phosphorus, which helps in understanding the naming conventions.
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Precipitation Reactions

Precipitation reactions occur when two soluble salts react to form an insoluble compound, known as a precipitate. In this scenario, the titration of AsO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup> with Ag<sup>+</sup> leads to the formation of Ag<sub>3</sub>AsO<sub>4</sub>, which precipitates out of solution. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the formation of solid products in chemical reactions.
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Stoichiometry in Chemical Reactions

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. In the context of the question, knowing the stoichiometric ratios between Ag<sup>+</sup> and AsO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup> is essential for determining the amounts of each substance involved in the titration process. This concept is fundamental for quantifying the results of chemical analyses.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
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Open Question
A 3.50 g of an alloy which contains only lead and tin is dissolved in hot HNO3. Excess sulfuric acid is added to this solution and 1.57 g of PbSO4(s) is obtained. (a) Write the net ionic equation for the formation of PbSO4.
Textbook Question

The arsenic in a 1.22-g sample of a pesticide was converted to AsO43- by suitable chemical treatment. It was then titrated using Ag+ to form Ag3AsO4 as a precipitate. (a) What is the oxidation state of As in AsO43-?

Textbook Question

The arsenic in a 1.22-g sample of a pesticide was converted to AsO43- by suitable chemical treatment. It was then titrated using Ag+ to form Ag3AsO4 as a precipitate. (c) If it took 25.0 mL of 0.102 M Ag+ to reach the equivalence point in this titration, what is the mass percentage of arsenic in the pesticide?

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Open Question
The U.S. standard for arsenate in drinking water requires that public water supplies must contain no greater than 10 parts per billion (ppb) arsenic. If this arsenic is present as arsenate, AsO43-, what mass of sodium arsenate would be present in a 1.00-L sample of drinking water that just meets the standard? Parts per billion is defined on a mass basis as ppb = (g solute / g solution) × 109.
Textbook Question

Potassium superoxide, KO2, is often used in oxygen masks (such as those used by firefighters) because KO2 reacts with CO2 to release molecular oxygen. Experiments indicate that 2 mol of KO2(s) react with each mole of CO2(g). (b) Indicate the oxidation number for each atom involved in the reaction in part (a). What elements are being oxidized and reduced?

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