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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 35c

Label each of the following substances as an acid, base, salt, or none of the above. Indicate whether the substance exists in aqueous solution entirely in molecular form, entirely as ions, or as a mixture of molecules and ions. (c) NaClO4

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Acids and Bases

Acids are substances that donate protons (H+) in a solution, while bases accept protons. The Brønsted-Lowry theory defines acids and bases based on proton transfer, whereas the Lewis theory defines them based on electron pair donation and acceptance. Understanding these definitions is crucial for classifying substances correctly.
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Arrhenius Acids and Bases

Salts

Salts are ionic compounds formed from the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. They consist of cations and anions, and in aqueous solution, they typically dissociate into their constituent ions. Recognizing NaClO4 as a salt helps in determining its behavior in solution.
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Aqueous Solutions and Dissociation

In aqueous solutions, substances can exist as molecules, ions, or a combination of both. Strong electrolytes, like NaClO4, dissociate entirely into ions, while weak electrolytes partially dissociate. Understanding the dissociation behavior of salts in water is essential for predicting their properties in solution.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

State whether each of the following statements is true or false. Justify your answer in each case.

(c) Although sulfuric acid is a strong electrolyte, an aqueous solution of H2SO4 contains more HSO4- ions than SO42- ions.

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Textbook Question

Label each of the following substances as an acid, base, salt, or none of the above. Indicate whether the substance exists in aqueous solution entirely in molecular form, entirely as ions, or as a mixture of molecules and ions. (a) HF

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Textbook Question

Label each of the following substances as an acid, base, salt, or none of the above. Indicate whether the substance exists in aqueous solution entirely in molecular form, entirely as ions, or as a mixture of molecules and ions. (b) acetonitrile, CH3CN

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Textbook Question

Label each of the following substances as an acid, base, salt, or none of the above. Indicate whether the substance exists in aqueous solution entirely in molecular form, entirely as ions, or as a mixture of molecules and ions. (d) Ba1OH22.

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Textbook Question

An aqueous solution of an unknown solute is tested with litmus paper and found to be acidic. The solution is weakly conducting compared with a solution of NaCl of the same concentration. Which of the following substances could the unknown be: KOH, NH3, HNO3, KClO2, H3PO3, CH3COCH3 (acetone)?

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Textbook Question

Classify each of the following substances as a nonelectrolyte, weak electrolyte, or strong electrolyte in water: (a) HF

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