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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Chapter 2, Problem 112d

Many familiar substances have common, unsystematic names. For each of the following, give the correct systematic name: (d) muriatic acid, HCl

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Acids and Their Nomenclature

Acids are substances that can donate protons (H+) in a solution. Their nomenclature often depends on the anion present. For example, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is derived from the chloride ion (Cl-), and its systematic name reflects this relationship.
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Common vs. Systematic Names

Common names are often used in everyday language and may not follow systematic naming conventions. Systematic names, however, are derived from the chemical composition and structure of the substance, providing a clear and standardized way to identify compounds, such as calling HCl 'hydrochloric acid' instead of 'muriatic acid.'
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Chemical Formula Representation

The chemical formula of a substance provides essential information about its composition, including the types and numbers of atoms present. For HCl, the formula indicates one hydrogen atom and one chlorine atom, which is crucial for understanding its properties and behavior as an acid.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Cyclopropane is an interesting hydrocarbon. Instead of having three carbons in a row, the three carbons form a ring, as shown in this perspective drawing (see Figure 2.18 for a prior example of this kind of drawing):

Cyclopropane was at one time used as an anesthetic, but its use was discontinued, in part because it is highly flammable. (b) The three carbon atoms are necessarily in a plane. What do the different wedges mean?

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Textbook Question

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations, suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions: (b) SeO32-

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Textbook Question

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations, suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions: (d) hydrogen tellurate ion.

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Textbook Question

Because many ions and compounds have very similar names, there is great potential for confusing them. Write the correct chemical formulas to distinguish between (c) aluminum nitride and aluminum nitrite

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Textbook Question

Because many ions and compounds have very similar names, there is great potential for confusing them. Write the correct chemical formulas to distinguish between (g) mercurous chloride and mercuric chloride

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