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Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics
Chapter 14, Problem 37b

Consider the gas-phase reaction between nitric oxide and bromine at 273 C: 2 NO1g2 + Br21g2¡2 NOBr1g2. The following data for the initial rate of appearance of NOBr were obtained: Experiment 3no4 1M 2 3br2 4 1M 2 Initial Rate 1M,s2 1 0.10 0.20 24 2 0.25 0.20 150 3 0.10 0.50 60 4 0.35 0.50 735 (b) Calculate the average value of the rate constant for the appearance of NOBr from the four data sets.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Rate of Reaction

The rate of reaction refers to the speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction. It is typically expressed as the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time. Understanding how to interpret and calculate reaction rates is essential for analyzing experimental data and determining the kinetics of a reaction.
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Average Rate of Reaction

Rate Law

The rate law is an equation that relates the rate of a reaction to the concentration of its reactants, typically in the form Rate = k[A]^m[B]^n, where k is the rate constant, and m and n are the orders of the reaction with respect to each reactant. Determining the rate law from experimental data allows chemists to understand the relationship between concentration and reaction rate, which is crucial for calculating the rate constant.
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Rate Law Fundamentals

Rate Constant (k)

The rate constant (k) is a proportionality factor in the rate law that is specific to a given reaction at a specific temperature. It reflects the intrinsic speed of the reaction and is influenced by factors such as temperature and the presence of catalysts. Calculating the average value of the rate constant from multiple experiments provides insight into the overall kinetics of the reaction being studied.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

The iodide ion reacts with hypochlorite ion (the active ingredient in chlorine bleaches) in the following way: OCl- + I- → OI- + Cl- . This rapid reaction gives the following rate data:

[OCl4-] (M) [I-] (M) Initial Rate (M,s)

1.5 * 10-3 1.5 * 10-3

1.36 * 10-4 3.0 * 10-3 1.5 * 10-3 2.72 * 10-4

1.5 * 10-3 3.0 * 10-3 2.72 * 10-4 (c) Calculate the rate when [OCl-] = 2.0 * 10-3 M and [I-] = 5.0 * 10 - 4 M.

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Textbook Question

The following data were measured for the reaction 

(b) What is the overall order of the reaction?

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Textbook Question

The following data were measured for the reaction 

(c) Calculate the rate constant with proper units?

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Textbook Question

Consider the reaction of peroxydisulfate ion 1S2O82-2 with iodide ion 1I - 2 in aqueous solution: S2O8 2 - 1aq2 + 3 I - 1aq2¡2 SO42 - 1aq2 + I3- 1aq2 At a particular temperature, the initial rate of disappearance of S2O82 - varies with reactant concentrations in the following manner: Experiment 3S2o8 24 1M 2 3I4 1M 2 Initial Rate 1M,s2 1 0.018 0.036 2.6 * 10-6 2 0.027 0.036 3.9 * 10-6 3 0.036 0.054 7.8 * 10-6 4 0.050 0.072 1.4 * 10-5 (a) Determine the rate law for the reaction and state the units of the rate constant.

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Textbook Question

(a) For the generic reaction A S B what quantity, when graphed versus time, will yield a straight line for a first-order reaction?

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Textbook Question
The decomposition of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), NaHCO31s2, into Na2CO31s2, H2O1l2, and CO21g2 at constant pressure requires the addition of 85 kJ of heat per two moles of NaHCO3. (b) Draw an enthalpy diagram for the reaction.
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